Abstract: Systems and methods for secure purchasing are provided in which an invoice comprising an amount to be remitted and a merchant identification is generated. The invoice is transmitted to a remote invoice database. At a device associated with a consumer, the invoice identification is received. A request including the invoice identification is sent to the remote invoice database thereby retrieving information about the invoice including an amount to be remitted and a merchant identification. Responsive to receiving consumer confirmation of the invoice, an approval of the invoice is transmitted to an account database comprising at least one account corresponding to the consumer. At a device associated with the account database, after receiving invoice approval, the invoice amount is remitted to the merchant in the form of a bank check that identifies the merchant and a notification of the check and the merchant is stored in the remote account database.

Abstract: Systems and methods for secure purchasing are provided in which, at a merchant device, an invoice is generated comprising a remittance amount and a merchant identification. The invoice is associated with an invoice identification. The invoice is transmitted to a remote invoice database. At a consumer device, the invoice identification is received. A request that includes the invoice identification is transmitted to the invoice database. Information about the invoice is received from the invoice database including the remittance amount and merchant identification. The remittance amount, merchant identification, and a prompt to confirm the invoice are displayed. Responsive to receiving approval from the consumer, the invoice is transmitted to a remote account database comprising an account corresponding to the consumer. At a device associated with the remote account database, after receiving the approval of the invoice from the consumer device, the amount of the invoice is remitted to the merchant.

Abstract: Systems and methods for secure purchasing are provided in which, at a merchant device, an invoice is generated comprising a remittance amount and a merchant identification. The invoice is associated with an invoice identification. The invoice is transmitted to a remote invoice database. At a consumer device, the invoice identification is received. A request that includes the invoice identification is transmitted to the invoice database. Information about the invoice is received from the invoice database including the remittance amount and merchant identification. The remittance amount, merchant identification, and a prompt to confirm the invoice are displayed. Responsive to receiving approval from the consumer, the invoice is transmitted to a remote account database comprising an account corresponding to the consumer. At a device associated with the remote account database, after receiving the approval of the invoice from the consumer device, the amount of the invoice is remitted to the merchant.

Abstract: Systems and methods for secure purchasing are provided in which, at a merchant device, an invoice is generated comprising a remittance amount and a merchant identification. The invoice is associated with an invoice identification. The invoice is transmitted to a remote invoice database. At a consumer device, the invoice identification is received. A request that includes the invoice identification is transmitted to the invoice database. Information about the invoice is received from the invoice database including the remittance amount and merchant identification. The remittance amount, merchant identification, and a prompt to confirm the invoice are displayed. Responsive to receiving approval from the consumer, the invoice is transmitted to a remote account database comprising an account corresponding to the consumer. At a device associated with the remote account database, after receiving the approval of the invoice from the consumer device, the amount of the invoice is remitted to the merchant.

Abstract: Systems and methods for dual-screen electronic devices are provided in which, at a dual-screen electronic device having a first housing and a second housing attached by a hinge, a first processor, a first display mounted to the first housing, where the first display includes a first touch-sensitive surface, a second display mounted to the second housing, and a first memory contained within the first housing, a first user interface is displayed on the first display and a second user interface, different from the first user interface, is displayed on the second display. While displaying the first and second user interfaces, a user input is detected on the first display and, in response, a display of the second user interface, displayed on the second display, is changed. Separately is presented a user-adjustable-keyboard software-application.

Abstract: Systems and methods for dual-screen electronic devices are provided in which, at a dual-screen electronic device having a first housing and a second housing attached by a hinge, a first processor, a first display mounted to the first housing, where the first display includes a first touch-sensitive surface, a second display mounted to the second housing, and a first memory contained within the first housing, a first user interface is displayed on the first display and a second user interface, different from the first user interface, is displayed on the second display. While displaying the first and second user interfaces, a user input is detected on the first display and, in response, a display of the second user interface, displayed on the second display, is changed. Separately is presented a user-adjustable-keyboard software-application.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for facilitating communication between two or more incompatible communication application. A first request is transmitted from a first communication application to open a communication channel with a conference server. The conference server includes a program for facilitating communication between incompatible communication applications. After receiving the first request transmitted by the first electronic device, the server establishing a communication channel with the first electronic device operating a first communication application and establishes a second communication channel with a second electronic device operating a second communication application. The conference server then facilitates communication between the first communication channel and the second communication channel, e.g., by converting communication signals sent through the first communication application into communication signals compatible with the second communication application and vice versa.

Abstract: A method for making a reinforced concrete structure and reinforcement agents are provided. In some embodiments, the method includes obtaining a mold for the reinforced concrete structure. A lattice is formed within the mold, where the lattice includes inter-locking ringed fibers and where each inter-locking ringed fiber is a fiber formed into a ringed structure that is inter-locked with at least one neighboring inter-locking ringed fiber in the lattice. The lattice is then encased by filling the mold with concrete. In some embodiments, the reinforcement agents are a plurality of ringed fiber-structures, each of which is coiled into a ringed structure that may or may not inter-lock with at least one neighboring ringed fiber(s)-structure.

Abstract: Systems and methods for dual-screen electronic devices are provided in which, at a dual-screen electronic device having a first housing and a second housing attached by a hinge, a first processor, a first display mounted to the first housing, where the first display includes a first touch-sensitive surface, a second display mounted to the second housing, and a first memory contained within the first housing, a first user interface is displayed on the first display and a second user interface, different from the first user interface, is displayed on the second display. While displaying the first and second user interfaces, a user input is detected on the first display and, in response, a display of the second user interface, displayed on the second display, is changed. Separately is presented a user-adjustable-keyboard software-application.

Abstract: Systems and methods for dual-screen electronic devices are provided in which, at a dual-screen electronic device having a first housing and a second housing attached by a hinge, a first processor, a first display mounted to the first housing, where the first display includes a first touch-sensitive surface, a second display mounted to the second housing, and a first memory contained within the first housing, a first user interface is displayed on the first display and a second user interface, different from the first user interface, is displayed on the second display. While displaying the first and second user interfaces, a user input is detected on the first display and, in response, a display of the second user interface, displayed on the second display, is changed. Separately is presented a user-adjustable-keyboard software-application.

Abstract: A system for irrigating an irregularly shaped area including a sprinklers and an electronic device in wired or wireless communication with the sprinkler. The electronic device has a processor and a memory storing programmable instructions causing the sprinkler to irrigate watering sectors according to predefined watering parameters, such that an irregular irrigation pattern is achieved.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for facilitating communication between two or more incompatible communication application. A first request is transmitted from a first communication application to open a communication channel with a conference server. The conference server includes a program for facilitating communication between incompatible communication applications. After receiving the first request transmitted by the first electronic device, the server establishing a communication channel with the first electronic device operating a first communication application and establishes a second communication channel with a second electronic device operating a second communication application. The conference server then facilitates communication between the first communication channel and the second communication channel, e.g., by converting communication signals sent through the first communication application into communication signals compatible with the second communication application and vice versa.

Abstract: A method for making a reinforced concrete structure and reinforcement agents are provided. In some embodiments, the method includes obtaining a mold for the reinforced concrete structure. A lattice is formed within the mold, where the lattice includes inter-locking ringed fibers and where each inter-locking ringed fiber is a fiber formed into a ringed structure that is inter-locked with at least one neighboring inter-locking ringed fiber in the lattice. The lattice is then encased by filling the mold with concrete. In some embodiments, the reinforcement agents are a plurality of ringed fiber-structures, each of which is coiled into a ringed structure that may or may not inter-lock with at least one neighboring ringed fiber(s)-structure.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for facilitating communication between two or more incompatible communication application. A first request is transmitted from a first communication application to open a communication channel with a conference server. The conference server includes a program for facilitating communication between incompatible communication applications. After receiving the first request transmitted by the first electronic device, the server establishing a communication channel with the first electronic device operating a first communication application and establishes a second communication channel with a second electronic device operating a second communication application. The conference server then facilitates communication between the first communication channel and the second communication channel, e.g., by converting communication signals sent through the first communication application into communication signals compatible with the second communication application and vice versa.

Abstract: A method for making a reinforced concrete structure and reinforcement agents are provided. In some embodiments, the method includes obtaining a mold for the reinforced concrete structure. A lattice is formed within the mold, where the lattice includes inter-locking ringed fibers and where each inter-locking ringed fiber is a fiber formed into a ringed structure that is inter-locked with at least one neighboring inter-locking ringed fiber in the lattice. The lattice is then encased by filling the mold with concrete. In some embodiments, the reinforcement agents are a plurality of ringed fiber-structures, each of which is coiled into a ringed structure that may or may not inter-lock with at least one neighboring ringed fiber(s)-structure.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses are provided for generating clean energy. A Savonius vertical-axis wind turbine, including a shaft configured to rotate about a first axis, aerofoil blades transversely mounted with respect to the first axis, on the shaft, transversely extending outwards from the shaft to a first distance from the shaft, a generator coupled to the shaft, the generator configured to generate electricity from rotational energy of the shaft when the shaft rotates about the axis; and a first curved wind shield having a semi-circular shape defined by a curvature, each point of the curvature is a fixed second transverse distance from the shaft, the first curved wind shield positioned at the fixed second transverse distance from the rotating shaft, and the curved wind shield is rotatable about the rotating shaft, at the fixed second distance. In some embodiments, the wind shields increase productive wind circulation to the turbine blades.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a hybrid aircraft capable of being propelled by a vertical rotor(s) or a horizontal engine(s). The aircraft includes a fuselage defining a horizontal plane, two wings attached to opposite sides of fuselage and oriented substantially parallel to the horizontal plane, an engine(s) configured to generate propulsion in a horizontal direction, and a rotor(s) extending vertically from the fuselage and oriented over a first portion of each wing. Each wing includes a wing frame and an aircraft skin covering at least a portion of the wing frame. When the aircraft is being propelled by the rotor, the aircraft skin covering the first portion of each wing frame is removed or rotated to facilitate airflow through the rotors. When the aircraft is being propelled by the one or more horizontal engines, the aircraft skin may cover the first portion of the wing frame, facilitating aerodynamic lift and stability.

Abstract: A method for making a reinforced concrete structure and reinforcement agents are provided. In some embodiments, the method includes obtaining a mold for the reinforced concrete structure. A lattice is formed within the mold, where the lattice includes inter-locking ringed fibers and where each inter-locking ringed fiber is a fiber formed into a ringed structure that is inter-locked with at least one neighboring inter-locking ringed fiber in the lattice. The lattice is then encased by filling the mold with concrete. In some embodiments, the reinforcement agents are a plurality of ringed fiber-structures, each of which is coiled into a ringed structure that may or may not inter-lock with at least one neighboring ringed fiber(s)-structure.

Abstract: The disclosure provides systems and methods to more efficiently index content available over the Internet. In some aspects, the methods and systems described herein accomplish this by actively providing notification to a search engine after creating a new webpage or updating an existing webpage. The disclosure also provides systems and methods for more convenient handling with updates and messages originated from various disparate sources.

Abstract: Systems and methods for secure purchasing are provided in which, at a merchant device, an invoice is generated comprising a remittance amount and a merchant identification. The invoice is associated with an invoice identification. The invoice is transmitted to a remote invoice database. At a consumer device, the invoice identification is received. A request that includes the invoice identification is transmitted to the invoice database. Information about the invoice is received from the invoice database including the remittance amount and merchant identification. The remittance amount, merchant identification, and a prompt to confirm the invoice are displayed. Responsive to receiving approval from the consumer, the invoice is transmitted to a remote account database comprising an account corresponding to the consumer. At a device associated with the remote account database, after receiving the approval of the invoice from the consumer device, the amount of the invoice is remitted to the merchant.