Abstract: System for use in testing includes a frame positionable on a person's head, a display section, and a combiner arranged at least partly in front of the eyes of the person and which allows simultaneous viewing of an environment in front of the person and content on the display section, e.g., test questions. A crossview camera system images from locations on each lateral side of the frame toward the opposite lateral side and below the combiner. An iris camera system images the eyes of the person. A forward-looking camera system images an area in front of the frame. A processor analyze images obtained by the crossview camera system to determine presence of imaging devices, images obtained by the iris camera system to determine position of irises of the person and optionally imaging devices, and images obtained by the forward-looking camera system to determine presence of specific objects.

Abstract: Method and system for adjusting a vehicular component based on vehicle position includes obtaining kinematic data from an inertial measurement unit (IMU), deriving, using a processor, information about current vehicle position from the data obtained from the IMU and an earlier known vehicle position, and adjusting the derived current vehicle position to obtain a corrected current vehicle position. The latter is achieved by obtaining images of an external vehicle area using a camera assembly in a fixed relationship to the IMU, identifying multiple landmarks in each image, analyzing each image to derive positional information about each landmark, identifying discrepancies between image-derived positional information about each landmark and positional information about the same landmark obtained from a map database, and adjusting the derived current vehicle position based on identified discrepancies to obtain the corrected current vehicle position.

Abstract: Device for use in testing includes a frame positionable on a person's head, a display section, and a combiner arranged at least partly in front of the eyes of the person and which allows simultaneous viewing of an environment in front of the person and content on the display section, e.g., test questions. A crossview camera system images from locations on each lateral side of the frame toward the opposite lateral side and below the combiner. An iris camera system images the eyes of the person. A forward-looking camera system images an area in front of the frame. A processor analyze images obtained by the crossview camera system to determine presence of imaging devices, images obtained by the iris camera system to determine position of irises of the person and optionally imaging devices, and images obtained by the forward-looking camera system to determine presence of specific objects.

Abstract: Secure testing system including a frame having a lens portion and a support portion extending rearward therefrom, a housing attached to the frame, and an assembly arranged in the housing. The assembly includes a display oriented rearward, an optional (but preferred) contact microphone that operatively contacts a face of a wearer and detects vibrations of a bone of the wearer, a biometric sensor arranged at least partly in the housing, and a processor that monitors the contact microphone for vibrations and the biometric sensor for changes in biometric data. For testing, the processor directs display of questions on the display, receives answers via a user interface, confirms identity of a test-taker by analyzing biometric data and detects talking by the test-taker indicative of cheating on the test by monitoring vibrations detected by the contact microphone.

Abstract: Card including a substrate, at least one biometric data entry device on the substrate to receive biometric data about an individual holding the substrate, a memory component on the substrate and containing biometric data about an individual possessing the card and at least one private key, and a processor configured to compare biometric data received via the biometric data entry device to biometric data contained in the memory component to determine whether they match. When there is a biometric data match, a process requiring use of the private key(s) is initiated for authorized use of the card. A chassis intrusion detector system detects tampering with the card and upon such detection, causes deletion of the private key(s) to thereby prevent unauthorized use of the card.

Abstract: System and method for managing and using a map database includes creating the database using mapping vehicles and enabling access to the database by people and other vehicles to enable use of determined position of identified landmarks, data about roads on which the mapping vehicles were driven and the images and content thereof. The database is created by driving mapping vehicles on roads, obtaining images of an area on and around roads using at least one camera assembly on each mapping vehicle, identifying common landmarks in obtained images, determining position of each mapping vehicle using a satellite positioning system such that the position at which each image is obtained by the mapping vehicle is accurately known, and determining the position of each identified landmark in consideration of determined vehicle position when the image containing the landmark is obtained.

Abstract: Card including a substrate, at least one biometric data entry device on the substrate to receive biometric data about an individual holding the substrate, a memory component on the substrate and containing biometric data about an individual possessing the card and at least one private key, and a processor configured to compare biometric data received via the biometric data entry device to biometric data contained in the memory component to determine whether they match. When there is a biometric data match, a process requiring use of the private key(s) is initiated for authorized use of the card. A chassis intrusion detector system detects tampering with the card and upon such detection, causes deletion of the private key(s) to thereby prevent unauthorized use of the card.

Abstract: System, arrangement and method for tolling includes a location determining system arranged at least partly in a vehicle to determine the vehicle location during vehicular travel, a toll database including data about tolls for use of a plurality of lanes of a multi-lane roadway at a plurality of different geographic points, the toll data being different for different lanes of the multi-lane roadway at at least one geographic point, and a communications device arranged on the vehicle. A processor directs transmission including the determined vehicle location and an identification of the vehicle by the communications device to a remote site separate and apart from the vehicle. A toll is determined at the remote site based on the toll database and the vehicle location which is the lane-specific location of the vehicle or based on at least two vehicle locations each of which is a lane-specific location of the vehicle.

Abstract: System, arrangement and method for tolling includes a location determining system arranged at least partly in a vehicle to determine the vehicle location during vehicular travel, a toll database including data about tolls for use of a plurality of lanes of a multi-lane roadway at a plurality of different geographic points, the toll data being different for different lanes of the multi-lane roadway at at least one geographic point, and a communications device arranged on the vehicle. A processor directs transmission including the determined vehicle location and an identification of the vehicle by the communications device to a remote site separate and apart from the vehicle. A toll is determined at the remote site based on the toll database and the vehicle location which is the lane-specific location of the vehicle or based on at least two vehicle locations each of which is a lane-specific location of the vehicle.

Abstract: System, arrangement and method for tolling includes a location determining system arranged at least partly in a vehicle to determine the vehicle location during vehicular travel, a memory device that stores data about predetermined locations, and a processor coupled to the location determining system and that compares the determined vehicle location to data in the memory device to determine whether a transmission of the location is necessary and if so, directs the transmission to a remote site via the Internet. The memory device and/or processor may also be arranged on the vehicle, i.e., to provide a completely vehicle-resident system that may be installed on the vehicle during manufacture or retrofit to the vehicle.

Abstract: An instrument for measuring aberration refraction of an eye is provided, having: a lens system defining an instrument optical axis and an alignment device for aligning the visual axis of the eye with the instrument optical axis. A light source (1) produces a probing beam that is projected through the lens system parallel to the instrument optical axis and is selectably positionable partially off-set from the instrument optical axis for entering the eye (15) parallel to the instrument optical axis at a plurality of locations on the cornea of the eye. A photodetector (19) measures the position of probing beam light scattered back from the retina of the eye to measure aberration refraction of the eye at a plurality of locations.

Abstract: An instrument for measuring aberration refraction of an eye is provided, having: a lens system defining an instrument optical axis and an alignment device for aligning the visual axis of the eye with the instrument optical axis. A light source (1) produces a probing beam that is projected through the lens system parallel to the instrument optical axis and is selectably positionable partially off-set from the instrument optical axis for entering the eye (15) parallel to the instrument optical axis at a plurality of locations on the cornea of the eye. A photodetector (19) measures the position of probing beam light scattered back from the retina of the eye to measure aberration refraction of the eye at a plurality of locations.