Abstract: A hybrid compressed gas-electric piston engine includes a piston configured to move longitudinally inside of a cylinder for rotating a crank shaft. A first electromagnetic component is affixed to the piston. A second electromagnetic component is affixed in position on the engine relative to the cylinder. Wherein, the piston is configured to be moved longitudinally inside of the cylinder for rotating the crank shaft via compressed gas, electricity, or a combination thereof. For compressed gas, the piston is moved by introducing the compressed gas into the cylinder. For electricity, the piston is moved by electricity flowing into the first electromagnetic component affixed to the piston, the second electromagnetic component affixed in position on the engine relative to the cylinder, or both, thereby creating magnetic forces between the first electromagnetic component and the second electromagnetic component.

Abstract: A scanning system to analyze wood and determine defects includes at least two ultrasonic transducers configured to scan the wood from edge to edge by triangulating the wood. The at least two ultrasonic transducers are configured to find splits and shakes.

Abstract: A scanning system to analyze wood and determine defects includes at least two ultrasonic transducers configured to scan the wood from edge to edge by triangulating the wood. The at least two ultrasonic transducers are configured to find splits and shakes.

Abstract: A concentric cylinder engine includes a toroidal outer cylinder having an inner cylinder contained therein, the inner cylinder wall comprising a sleeve assembly acting as a transfer valve. Each cylinder contains a piston, the two pistons being connected to a single crankshaft. The inner and outer piston crank throws are at least generally opposite one another, with the two pistons traveling in opposite directions during engine operation. The outer piston provides intake and compression functions, while the inner piston simultaneously provides power and exhaust functions. The concentric cylinder engine thus provides the four separate and distinct intake, compression, power, and exhaust phases of conventional Otto cycle engine operation during a single revolution of the crankshaft. The concentric cylinder engine may be constructed in multiple cylinder configurations having spark or compression ignition, in either liquid or air cooled embodiments.

Abstract: A dwell cycle crank configuration for converting reciprocating linear motion to rotary motion includes: a follower, a top roller, a bottom roller, and a body. The top roller has a bottom portion removed. The removed bottom portion of the top roller is adapted to fit the top of the follower. The bottom roller has a top portion removed. The removed top portion of the bottom roller is adapted to fit the bottom of said follower. The top and bottom rollers are positioned within the body where each roller is adapted to rotate for allowing the follower to ride between the rollers within the body in an S-shaped pattern.

Abstract: The dwell cycle crank includes a reciprocating piston having a piston head or cylinder, a main body connected to the piston head, a cap detachably mounted to the main body, an S-shaped cam formed between the main body and the cap, a follower disposed in the S-shaped cam, a rotatable crankshaft, and an offset journal disposed between the connecting bearing and the crankshaft to thereby form a torque arm. The S-shaped cam and connecting bearing create periodic dwells and faster strokes in the crank cycle to maximize volumetric and geometric efficiencies of the engine.

Abstract: A dwell cycle crank configuration for converting reciprocating linear motion to rotary motion includes: a follower, a top roller, a bottom roller, and a body. The top roller has a bottom portion removed. The removed bottom portion of the top roller is adapted to fit the top of the follower. The bottom roller has a top portion removed. The removed top portion of the bottom roller is adapted to fit the bottom of said follower. The top and bottom rollers are positioned within the body where each roller is adapted to rotate for allowing the follower to ride between the rollers within the body in an S-shaped pattern.

Abstract: A concentric cylinder engine includes a toroidal outer cylinder having an inner cylinder contained therein, the inner cylinder wall comprising a sleeve assembly acting as a transfer valve. Each cylinder contains a piston, the two pistons being connected to a single crankshaft. The inner and outer piston crank throws are at least generally opposite one another, with the two pistons traveling in opposite directions during engine operation. The outer piston provides intake and compression functions, while the inner piston simultaneously provides power and exhaust functions. The concentric cylinder engine thus provides the four separate and distinct intake, compression, power, and exhaust phases of conventional Otto cycle engine operation during a single revolution of the crankshaft. The concentric cylinder engine may be constructed in multiple cylinder configurations having spark or compression ignition, in either liquid or air cooled embodiments.

Abstract: The dwell cycle crank includes a reciprocating piston having a piston head or cylinder, a main body connected to the piston head, a cap detachably mounted to the main body, an S-shaped cam formed between the main body and the cap, a follower disposed in the S-shaped cam, a rotatable crankshaft, and an offset journal disposed between the connecting bearing and the crankshaft to thereby form a torque arm. The S-shaped cam and connecting bearing create periodic dwells and faster strokes in the crank cycle to maximize volumetric and geometric efficiencies of the engine.

Abstract: The multiple saw machine includes a rigid mainframe that provides mountings and attachments for all mechanical components. The components include multiple saw frames, conveyor belts, transfer chains and drive shafts for providing motive power for the conveyor belts, saw blades and transfer chains. A computer and an array of sensors are employed to monitor the saw machine functions and to control the timing of and location of board cutting.