Abstract: Emission from a pixel is received by a sensor. The sensor is coupled to a control unit that receives or determines a value of the sensor's measurable parameter during operation of the pixel. A target value is coupled to the control unit, allowing the control unit to compare the measurable sensor parameter and the target value. The control unit is coupled to a pixel driver operable to alter the emission from the pixel. The pixel driver may vary the emission from the pixel until the measurable sensor parameter indicates that the target value has been achieved. The target value may be determined based on a calibration of the sensor. A plurality of target values may be stored in a look-up table. Passive and active matrix displays may be controlled in accordance with methods and apparatuses of the invention.

Abstract: System, device, and method for receiving or sensing touch or light input to an emissive display such as to a OLED display using the same or different sensors as are used to sense and maintain a pixel luminance. Penlight and touch screen data input system and method for display. A sidelight illuminated display and touch panel input device. Method and device for reading display pixel emission and ambient luminance levels. Emissive display having sensing for luminance stabilization and user light or touch screen input. Method and device for emissive display using shielded or partially shielded sensors. Emissive pixel display device characterized in that photon sensors are disposed within pixels and operated to sense photons emitted by emitter within pixel and ambient photons emitted by sources outside pixel, sensed internally emitted photons being for luminance feedback control and sensed ambient photons being used to detect external light source or sources.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present invention provide a flat panel display having a plurality of pixels, each comprising a light-emitting device configured to emit light in accordance with a current flowing through the light-emitting device, a transistor coupled to the light-emitting device and configured to provide the current through the light-emitting device, the current increasing with a ramp voltage applied to a control terminal of the transistor, and a switching device configured to switch off in response to the luminance of the light-emitting device having reached a specified level, thereby disconnecting the ramp voltage from the transistor and locking the brightness at the specified level. The switching device is further configured to stay off thereby allowing the luminance of the light-emitting device to be kept at the specified level until the pixel is rewritten in a different frame.

Abstract: The present invention uses an open loop feedback technique to control emissive pixels of a printhead of a printer. The open loop feedback technique involves measuring the light intensity of the emissive pixel, comparing the measured value to a preset threshold value, and adjusting the input voltage to the OLED of the pixel based on the comparison.

Abstract: A method of controlling an array of pixels in an active matrix display to a predetermined emission level is provided. The pixels are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, each pixel having an active matrix element. The method makes use of a plurality of sensors each having a measurable sensor parameter and at least one pixel driver. Light emission is varied from a plurality of pixels in a first row using the pixel driver and the active matrix elements in the pixels. Light emission is received from the pixels at the sensors and a measured value of the measurable sensor parameter is obtained responsive to the received light emission. For each of the plurality of pixels, a control signal is generated for the pixel to maintain constant emission from the light source at the predetermined emission level.

Abstract: The present invention uses an open loop feedback technique to control emissive pixels of a printhead of a printer. The open loop feedback technique involves integrating the light intensity of the emissive pixel over a predetermined period of time, averaging the integrated value, comparing the averaged value to a threshold value, and adjusting the input voltage to the OLED of the pixel based on the comparison.

Abstract: A method of controlling an array of pixels in an active matrix display to a predetermined emission level is provided. The pixels are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, each pixel having an active matrix element. The method makes use of a plurality of sensors each having a measurable sensor parameter and at least one pixel driver. Light emission is varied from a plurality of pixels in a first row using the pixel driver and the active matrix elements in the pixels. Light emission is received from the pixels at the sensors and a measured value of the measurable sensor parameter is obtained responsive to the received light emission. For each of the plurality of pixels, a control signal is generated for the pixel to maintain constant emission from the light source at the predetermined emission level.

Abstract: Emission from a pixel is received by a sensor. The sensor is coupled to a control unit that receives or determines a value of the sensor's measurable parameter during operation of the pixel. A target value is coupled to the control unit, allowing the control unit to compare the measurable sensor parameter and the target value. The control unit is coupled to a pixel driver operable to alter the emission from the pixel. The pixel driver may vary the emission from the pixel until the measurable sensor parameter indicates that the target value has been achieved. The target value may be determined based on a calibration of the sensor. A plurality of target values may be stored in a look-up table.

Abstract: Emission from a pixel is received by a sensor. The sensor is coupled to a control unit that receives or determines a value of the sensor's measurable parameter during operation of the pixel. A target value is coupled to the control unit, allowing the control unit to compare the measurable sensor parameter and the target value. The control unit is coupled to a pixel driver operable to alter the emission from the pixel. The pixel driver may vary the emission from the pixel until the measurable sensor parameter indicates that the target value has been achieved. The target value may be determined based on a calibration of the sensor. A plurality of target values may be stored in a look-up table.

Abstract: A method and system for fabricating microcircuits occupying large areas on substrates capable of withstanding high semiconductor processing temperatures and then transferring the circuits onto large substrates incapable of withstanding the high processing temperatures. The method and system is particularly suitable for fabricating large area displays.

Abstract: A field emission display which includes thin film resistors disposed between the electron-emitting elements of a cathode and a conductive support which provides electrical connection to said electron-emitting element through said thin film.

Abstract: An improved vacuum fluorescence display (VFD) that is less expensive to produce and more rugged than currently available VFDs. The display includes metal side walls and fluorescent material carried on one or more silicon wafers. A ceramic, layerable insulating material is employed as the substrate on which the wafer or wafers are mounted. In another embodiment of the current invention, a chemical getter is incorporated into a recess formed in the ceramic substrate. The getter is positioned underneath the back side of the phosphor screen so as to significantly reduce contamination of the screen by material sputtered off of the surface of the getter.

Abstract: A flat panel display is described. The flat panel display includes a matrix of light-emitting diodes which are driven by thin film field effect transistor circuits in which the channel electrodes of the field effect transistors are cadmium selenide or cadmium telluride. The cadmium selenide or cadmium telluride contains fluoride ions to enhance the mobility. A non-oxygenated layer is applied to the channel electrodes.

Abstract: A flat panel display is described. The flat panel display includes a matrix of light-emitting diodes which are driven by thin film field effect transistor circuits in which the channel electrodes of the field effect transistors are cadmium selenide.

Abstract: An improved vacuum fluorescence display (VFD) that is less expensive to produce and more rugged than currently available VFDs. The display includes metal side walls and fluorescent material carried on one or more silicon wafers. A ceramic, layerable insulating material is employed as the substrate on which the wafer or wafers are mounted. In another embodiment of the current invention, a chemical getter is incorporated into a recess formed in the ceramic substrate. The getter is positioned underneath the back side of the phosphor screen so as to significantly reduce contamination of the screen by material sputtered off of the surface of the getter.

Abstract: A flat-panel, matrix-type visible light emissive display which has an electron source positioned at the back panel for providing a background of electrons. An electron gating grid having a number of conductive filaments is positioned before the front panel and exposed to the electron source. A display array with a number of parallel conductive phosphor stripes for generating visible radiation when bombarded with electrons is arranged between the electron gating grid and the front panel. The display has a control unit for applying an accelerating voltage V.sub.3 to the conductive phosphor stripes, and an arrangement for selectively applying a blocking voltage V.sub.2 and a gating voltage V.sub.1 to the conductive filaments, such that gating voltage V.sub.

Abstract: A deflecting apparatus for a flat-panel display having an evacuated display housing and a display screen. The display has phosphor stripes or dots for generating visible radiation when bombarded with electrons when accelerating voltage V.sub.1 is applied to stripes. The invention provides for an elongate electron source positioned in the back of the evacuated display housing for emitting electrons which are guided to the display screen through an anode grid or an electron gating grid located before the display screen. The deflecting apparatus for rendering the beam of electrons emitted from the elongate electron source uniform has a deflecting element or unit which is positioned at the back of the display housing and produces a spatially parabolic potential under the influence of steering potential V.sub.4. This spatially parabolic potential forces the electrons moving in the direction of the anode grid or gating grid to form a uniform beam.

Abstract: A compact and unitary cellular/pager. The cellular/pager includes a cellular antenna for receiving UHF cellular and paging signals. The cellular/pager also includes a VHF paging antenna. Every paging signal is sent to a paging receiver. The paging receiver uses the same circuitry to process either the UHF or VHF page. This is accomplished by setting a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) to one of two frequency ranges. The chosen frequency is either added or subtracted to the incoming signal in order to match a constant intermediate frequency. The resultant signal is demodulated and a bit rate is selected by a decoder, under the control of a microprocessor. Therefore, the paging receiver can choose a band, a channel and a bit rate. Cellular signals are sent to a cellular block. Cellular location information is utilized by the cellular/pager to form an internally updated roaming pager.

Abstract: A plurality of semi-conductor diodes disposed in an array may be constructed to emit light when subjected to a particular voltage. This voltage reversely biases the semi-conductor diodes to break down the semi-conductor diodes and to provide for the emission of light upon breakdown. The breakdown occurs at the junction between a pair of electrodes in each semi-conductor diode. One of the electrodes may be an n electrode and the other electrode may be a p electrode. To break down the diode, a positive voltage (e.g. 3-5 volts) may be applied to the n electrode and a ground voltage may be applied to the p electrode. The diodes are so small that an array of 1024.times.1024 diodes can be disposed in a space approximately 0.4" square to act as pixels. The diodes may be scanned, as in a raster scan, preferably on a repetitive basis.