Abstract: A method for route optimization with a dual mobile IPv4 node in an IPv6-only network is provided. The method includes the operations of: receiving a visited IPv6 address from a router when the dual mobile node is connected to the IPv6-only network; updating a home agent with the IPv6 address; deregistering a binding update with a correspondent node via the home agent; updating the correspondent node with an IPv6 address; checking the reachability of packets directly to the correspondent node using its IPv6 address; the mobile node starting sending, to the CN, data packets tunneled in an IPv6 packet once the reachability is verified; and the correspondent node sending tunneled data packets directly to an IPv6 address of the mobile node.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus to speed up fast mobile internet protocol version 6 (FMIPv6) by using a relatively fast layer 2 handover. A method and an apparatus to use FMIPv6 to trigger a relatively fast layer 2 handover of a mobile node from an initial access point associated with a previous access router to a neighboring access point associated with a next access router.