Abstract: Improved non-crosslinked and non-degraded amphoteric starch derivatives containing tertiary amino or quaternary ammonium groups and anionic phosphate groups are disclosed. The derivatives which are defined by a minimum bound phosphorus content, a minimum viscosity and other criteria have use as wet-end additives and provide improved drainage properties in the manufacture of paper.

Abstract: Improved amphoteric starch derivatives containing tertiary amino or quaternary ammonium groups and anionic phosphate groups are disclosed. The derivatives which are defined by a minimum bound phosphorus content, a minimum viscosity and other criteria have use as wet-end additives and provide improved drainage properties in the manufacture of paper.

Abstract: A paper size having the ability to be prepared under low shear conditions and having sizing properties superior to the sizes of the prior art may be prepared comprising water and 0.1 to 15% by weight of at least one hydrophobic sizing agent and 0.4 to 30% by weight of a jet cooked dispersion of a long chain alkyl derivative of starch or a dispersion of a corresponding gum derivative.

Abstract: A paper size having the ability to be prepared under low shear conditions and having sizing properties superior to the sizes of the prior art may be prepared comprising water and 0.1 to 15% by weight of at least one hydrophobic sizing agent and 0.4 to 30% by weight of a jet cooked dispersion of a long chain alkyl derivative of starch or a dispersion of a corresponding gum derivative.

Abstract: Warp sizing compositions and starches useful therefor are prepared from high amylose starches which are converted to a water fluidity viscosity within the range of 65 to 80 and then reacted with an etherification reagent to achieve a nitrogen content of 0.5 to 0.9% (dry basis).

Abstract: Cationic starch is prepared by an essentially pollution-free method wherein starch is reacted with a mixture of an epoxide etherifying reagent and alkali catalyst using substantially dry reaction conditions. The resultant cationic starches find particular use in papermaking applications.

Abstract: Starch is phosphorylated by a virtually pollution-free, continuous process whereby an aqueous reagent solution of a tripolyphosphate, orthophosphate or pyrophosphate salt or a mixture thereof is sprayed onto a moist starch cake on a rotary vacuum filter in an amount sufficient to achieve efficient impregnation of the starch cake without losing significant levels of salt to the effluent. In a preferred embodiment, the reagent solution contains alkali metal tripolyphosphate salt and is obtained by diluting a concentrated solution thereof. The thus-impregnated starch is subsequently dried and heat-reacted by known procedures to produce an orthophosphate starch monoester.

Abstract: Starch is phosphorylated by an improved pollution-free process which involves forming a reagent solution of an alkali metal tripolyphosphate salt in water having 20- 36% by weight of the salt dissolved therein, forming a starch cake containing no more than 45% by weight moisture, adding 2 - 30% by weight of the tripolyphosphate salt reagent solution to the starch cake, and drying and heat-reacting the thus-impregnated starch. In this process more efficient impregnation of the starch is achieved. The impregnation is preferably effected in a centrifuge.

Abstract: An improved method for producing granular, cold-water dispersible hydroxypropylated starch derivatives comprises reacting a granular starch base with propylene oxide in the presence of sodium acetate or another water-soluble salt of a selected carboxylic acid. The resulting starch product, which upon purification is free of toxic by-products and has no perceptible off-taste, finds use as a thickener in food as well as in non-food applications.

Abstract: Highly substituted granular starches are prepared by reacting the starch in an aqueous system with a reagent capable of producing an acetal cross-linkage; reacting the resultant acetal cross-linked starch with a mono-functional esterifying or etherifying reagent under aqueous alkaline conditions and removing the acetal cross-linkages by treating under acid conditions. The highly substituted starches are particularly useful in operations, such as papermaking, wherein the cross-linkages can be removed and the starch readily dispersed during a relatively low pH starch cooking process.

Abstract: The use in the manufacture of paper of additives comprising derivatives of starches having particular levels of water fluidity and which contain controlled proportions of cationogenic or cationic substituent groups as well as sulfo-succinate groups. The resulting paper containing the latter additives is characterized by improved retention of pigments and increased strength.

Abstract: Retort starches comprising blends in specified proportions of starch and high amylose starch, said starches being hydroxypropylated and inhibited to a specified degree. These retort starches exhibit good thin-thick properties and high end viscosities and are especially suited for use in foods such as gravies and puddings.

Abstract: Retort starches comprising blends in specified proportions of starch and high amylose starch, said starches being hydroxypropylated and inhibited to a specified degree. These retort starches exhibit good thin-thick properties and high end viscosities and are especially suited for use in foods such as gravies and puddings.