Abstract: A lighting device includes one or more light sources, one or more switches, and a controller. The lighting device has multiple modes of operation. The controller selects modes of operation according to the one or more switches. The controller controls or operates the one or more light sources according to the selected mode of operation.

Abstract: In an example of an embodiment of the invention, a method is provided for recording data transmitted to a storage system, wherein the storage system has a cache and at least one storage device, and the data comprises initial data items that are transmitted to the storage system prior to a moment in time and additional data items that are transmitted to the storage system after the moment in time. The method comprises receiving, by the cache, data transmitted to the storage system, and flushing, from the cache to the at least one storage device, one or more of the initial data items. The method also comprises receiving, by the cache, one or more additional data items, while at least one of the initial data items is flushed from the cache, and recording the initial data items. Systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for generating a snapshot that records desired data, while allowing a client server to continue sending data to the storage system. In an example of an embodiment of the invention, a method is provided for recording data generated by a client server and transmitted to a storage system. The method comprises storing data, received from the client server, in the storage system, and receiving a command from the client server to perform a snapshot of the data. The method further comprises generating a snapshot of the data stored in the storage system in response to the command.

Abstract: In accordance with an example of an embodiment of the invention, a method for comparing a first unit of data stored in a first storage system and a second unit of data stored in a second storage system is provided. The method comprises generating a first digest that represents the first unit of data, generating an initial value associated with the first unit of data, and deriving an encoded value using the first digest and the initial value. The method further comprises transmitting the encoded value from the first storage system to the second storage system, generating a second digest that represents the second unit of data, and deriving a decoded value using the second digest to decode the encoded value. The method also comprises transmitting the decoded value from the second storage system to the first storage system, and determining whether the first unit of data and the second unit of data are duplicates of one another by comparing the decoded value and the initial value. Systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: Decalcification can be performed by using acid or other agents. It may be difficult to decalcify large bone block within ours. This invention provides a bone-decalcifying agent including a calcium desolving agent for desolving calcium ions of bones, and a bubble-forming agent for generating microbubbles when the bone-decalcifying agent is exposed to ultrasonic vibration. It is found that bones may be decalcified in a relatively short time using the bone-decalcifying agent of this invention.

Abstract: A method for generating a snapshot that records data transmitted to a storage system prior to a selected moment in time, while allowing a client server to continue sending data to the storage system, is disclosed. A snapshot marker is inserted into a cache, data continues to be flushed to disk until the snapshot marker is flushed from the cache, and a snapshot is performed. Additionally, a method for recording data stored in a storage system is disclosed that includes initiating a transaction with the storage system according to standard protocols, transmitting to the storage system a command representing a snapshot request, and performing a snapshot of the data. In accordance with one implementation, the command is transmitted as a SCSI command descriptor block.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for comparing data stored in a first storage system with corresponding data stored in a second storage system. In one implementation, the first system generates a random value associated with a respective data block P, and transmits to the second system an identifier associated with the data block P, and the random value. The second system generates a first digest representing a data block B, uses the first digest to encode the random value, producing a first encoded value, and transmits the first encoded value to the first system. The first system generates a second digest representing the data block P, uses the second digest to encode the random value, producing a second encoded value, and compares the first and second encoded values. If the two encoded values are equal, the data block B is a duplicate of the data block P. If the two encoded values are not the same, the data blocks are different.

Abstract: A method is provided to audit license restrictions of a computer program in an enterprise computing environment. In one example, a digital fingerprint is generated of at least one file in the computer program using a substantially collision-free algorithm, and a digital fingerpring is generated for each file on each computer in the enterprise using the substantially collision-free algorithm. The digital fingerprints from the enterprise files are compared with the digital fingerprint of the computer program file, and the number of fingerprint matches is counted. Another method is provided for inventorying a computer program in an enterprise computing environment. In examples of both methods, a file may be divided into data blocks and a digital fingerprint may be generated for each data block.

Abstract: A method is provided to facilitate the detection of file tampering, such as a computer virus, on a computer. In one example, a digital fingerprint is generated for each file on the computer using a substantially collision-free algorithm. The digital fingerprints of the computer files are compared with digital fingerprints of the computer files generated when the files were previously saved. If the digital fingerprint of that file differs from the digital fingerprint generated when that file was previously saved, a computer virus or other tampering may exist on the file.

Abstract: A data file stored in a file volume is locked such that subsequent alterations to the contents of the file may be detected. A data protection module retrieves the data file from storage, hashes the data file, generating a file digest, and stores the file digest in a record. A data segment comprising the file digest is defined and transmitted to a smart card. The smart card hashes the segment, generating a segment digest, and uses a private key to encode the segment digest, generating a digital signature. The digital signature is stored in the record. The record is subsequently used to verify the contents of the data file. The smart card's public key is used to decode the digital signature, generating a decoded value. The defined segment within the record is retrieved, and a segment digest is recomputed based on the segment. The decoded value is compared to the recomputed segment digest. If the decoded value is the same as the recomputed segment digest, the contents of the segment are determined to be valid.

Abstract: A hash-optimized backup system and method takes data blocks and generates a probabilistically unique digital fingerprint of the content of each data block using a substantially collision-free algorithm. The process compares the generated fingerprint to a database of stored fingerprints and, if the generated fingerprint matches a stored fingerprint, the data block is determined to already have been backed up, and therefore does not need to be backed up again. Only if the generated fingerprint does not match a stored fingerprint is the data block backed up, at which point the generated fingerprint is added to the database of stored fingerprints. Because the algorithm is substantially collision-free, there is no need to compare actual data content if there is a hash-value match. The process can also be used to audit software license compliance, inventory software, and detect computer-file tampering such as viruses and malware.

Abstract: The prosthesis device can have a pair of articular members adapted to be mounted onto adjoining bones, respectively, to replace a joint. The first and second articular members can have first and second bearing elements, respectively. The bearing elements can be formed to be capable of replacing at least a portion of the bone ends of the adjoining bones, respectively, and providing an articulation close to that of a natural joint. The bearing elements can be fixed to the respective bones through an initial implant fixation achieved by press-fit anchoring immediately after surgery and/or a secondary implant fixation established from bone-ingrowth.

Abstract: Data is stored by utilizing a first operating mode and a second operating mode. In one embodiment, in the first operating mode, a continuous replication method is utilized to store data on a primary storage system and to generate a backup version of the data on a backup storage system. While data is being stored in accordance with the first operating mode, one or more activities performed by the data storage system(s) are monitored. As long as the monitored activity or activities display a first status, the first operating mode is maintained. If the monitored activity or activities display a change in status, the first operating mode is suspended, and data is stored pursuant to the second operating mode. In one embodiment, in the second operating mode, a delta replication method is utilized to store data on the primary storage system and to back up the data on the backup storage system.

Abstract: A software vendor freely distributes software to users and issues smart cards to be used with the software. The smart card includes at least one software module missing from the software package and a list of allowed functionality dictating the capabilities of the software package. A user authenticates, using, e.g., public key cryptography, the smart card, which authorizes the use of the software. Once authorized, the module missing from the software is reunited with the rest of the software package. The software can be used limited to the allowed functionality included with the card. If more or different functionality is needed, the user can purchase another card authorizing such additional functionality, and then transfer the new functionality to the old smart card.

Abstract: The method traverses a storage device, performing read operations on each allocated data block on the device, recording each I/O access to the device resulting from the read operations, and identifying the data blocks involved in each I/O access to determine which blocks contain valid data. The data blocks that contain valid data are then replicated.

Abstract: The present invention is a storage bag for mobile audio-video components that is separable and detachable. One portion of the bag can store a video screen while the other portion of the bag can store a DVD or videocassette player. The two portions of the bag are separable by a zipper that goes the entire distance around the bag. The two main compartments of the bag contain means to secure the stored items. The separable bag allows for the apparatus to be used while a motor vehicle is in motion. The video screen can be attached to the back of a headrest, or even the center console.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for comparing data stored in a first storage system with corresponding data stored in a second storage system. In one implementation, the first system generates a random value associated with a respective data block P, and transmits to the second system an identifier associated with the data block P, and the random value. The second system generates a first digest representing a data block B, uses the first digest to encode the random value, producing a first encoded value, and transmits the first encoded value to the first system. The first system generates a second digest representing the data block P, uses the second digest to encode the random value, producing a second encoded value, and compares the first and second encoded values. If the two encoded values are equal, the data block B is a duplicate of the data block P. If the two encoded values are not the same, the data blocks are different.

Abstract: A method for generating a snapshot that records data transmitted to a storage system prior to a selected moment in time, while allowing a client server to continue sending data to the storage system, is disclosed. A snapshot marker is inserted into a cache, data continues to be flushed to disk until the snapshot marker is flushed from the cache, and a snapshot is performed. Additionally, a method for recording data stored in a storage system is disclosed that includes initiating a transaction with the storage system according to standard protocols, transmitting to the storage system a command representing a snapshot request, and performing a snapshot of the data. In accordance with one implementation, the command is transmitted as a SCSI command descriptor block.

Abstract: The prosthesis device can have a pair of articular members adapted to be mounted onto adjoining bones, respectively, to replace a joint. The first and second articular members can have first and second bearing elements, respectively. The bearing elements can be formed to be capable of replacing at least a portion of the bone ends of the adjoining bones, respectively, and providing an articulation close to that of a natural joint. The bearing elements can be fixed to the respective bones through an initial implant fixation achieved by press-fit anchoring immediately after surgery and/or a secondary implant fixation established from bone-ingrowth.