Abstract: A fuel injection nozzle is connected to a pump for injecting the fuel and to a fresh air supply for the internal combustion engine. In order to provide an injection device which allows temperature control of the injected media with a simple structure and arrangement in the motor vehicle, the injection device has an electric heating device for heating the fresh air supplied. The heating device is fluidically connected via a first hose section to the inlet side of the fresh air supply and via a second hose section to the internal combustion engine. The heating device has a layered heating block comprising at least one heat-emitting layer and at least one heat-generating layer coupled thereto in a heat-conducting manner The heat-generating layer includes at least one PTC element and conductor elements abutting opposed sides of the PTC element.

Abstract: A steering device includes: a steering gear housing, which provides a sensor accommodation region; a steering sensor unit, which is situated in the sensor accommodation region when installed; a housing cover, which is provided to cover the sensor accommodation region in the axial direction when installed; and a connector unit, which can be situated in a contact recess in the steering gear housing or in the housing cover, for making, in particular direct, electrical contact with the steering sensor unit during the process of installing the connector unit. The connector unit includes a plug unit with at least one plug element for connection to the steering sensor unit, and a support unit. The connector unit also includes an elastic compensation unit, which is connected fixedly to the plug element and to the support unit and is provided to resiliently support the plug element.

Abstract: A switching system, in particular of an on-board electrical system of a motor vehicle having a first disc which has a first, a second, a third, and a fourth stationary contact. The second and the third stationary contact, are electrically contacted by a first contact bar of the first disc. The switching system also has a second disc which has a first, a second, a third, and a fourth movable contact. The first and the second movable contact are electrically contacted by a second contact bar of the second disc, and the third and the fourth movable contact are electrically contacted by a third contact bar of the second disc. The second disc is rotationally mounted about a rotational axis relative to the first disc, wherein all the contacts are electrically connected in series in an angular position. A circuit breaker is also provided that includes a switching system.

Abstract: A switching system, in particular of an on-board electrical system of a motor vehicle having a first disc which has a first, a second, a third, and a fourth stationary contact. The second and the third stationary contact, are electrically contacted by a first contact bar of the first disc. The switching system also has a second disc which has a first, a second, a third, and a fourth movable contact. The first and the second movable contact are electrically contacted by a second contact bar of the second disc, and the third and the fourth movable contact are electrically contacted by a third contact bar of the second disc. The second disc is rotationally mounted about a rotational axis relative to the first disc, wherein all the contacts are electrically connected in series in an angular position. A circuit breaker is also provided that includes a switching system.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating laser radiation at a frequency multiplied as compared with a base frequency, has an optical resonator, in which input laser radiation circulates resonantly at the base frequency, and at least one conversion element through which the input laser radiation circulating in the optical resonator radiates, and which converts this radiation, at least in part, into output laser radiation at the multiplied frequency. At least one compensation element is provided, through which the input laser radiation circulating in the optical resonator also radiates, and which absorbs this radiation, in part, wherein the compensation element balances out a temperature-dependent variation of the optical path length of the input laser radiation in the conversion element, at least in part. Furthermore, a system generates laser radiation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a differential current monitoring device for monitoring differential currents in power supply systems, having a first measuring current transformer and having a measuring circuit for determining the differential current and having a computing unit for evaluating the differential current and for generating a switch-off signal. The differential current monitoring device has a device for detecting arcs, the integration of which according to the invention can considerably reduce the technical effort needed to monitor the differential current in connection with the arc detection in comparison to a functionally and spatially separate arrangement of both protective measures.

Abstract: A device safely switches a photovoltaic system and has a circuit breaker with input terminals and output terminals. The circuit breaker is configured as a switching module that includes a module housing and a switch contact arranged inside the housing for isolating at least one current path between one of the input terminals and one of the output terminals. A modular current sensor is provided which is to be mounted on the module housing of the circuit breaker.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating laser radiation at a frequency multiplied as compared with a base frequency, has an optical resonator, in which input laser radiation circulates resonantly at the base frequency, and at least one conversion element through which the input laser radiation circulating in the optical resonator radiates, and which converts this radiation, at least in part, into output laser radiation at the multiplied frequency. At least one compensation element is provided, through which the input laser radiation circulating in the optical resonator also radiates, and which absorbs this radiation, in part, wherein the compensation element balances out a temperature-dependent variation of the optical path length of the input laser radiation in the conversion element, at least in part. Furthermore, a system generates laser radiation.

Abstract: A switchgear unit switches high DC voltages, particularly for interrupting of direct current between a direct current source and an electrical device. The switchgear unit contains two connections which project from a housing and which are electrically conductively coupled by a conductor path, a contact system which is arranged between the first and second connections and an isolating apparatus that can be tripped by a thermal fuse. The thermal fuse contains a melting location which is arranged in the conductor path and which is connected first to the contact system and second via a moving conductor section to the first connection. The isolating apparatus is tripped and the connection between the conductor section and the contact system is broken at the melting location when an arc produced when the contact system is opened has caused the melting temperature of the melting location to be reached or exceeded.

Abstract: A switchgear unit switches high DC voltages, particularly for interrupting of direct current between a direct current source and an electrical device. The switchgear unit contains two connections which project from a housing and which are electrically conductively coupled by a conductor path, a contact system which is arranged between the first and second connections and an isolating apparatus that can be tripped by a thermal fuse. The thermal fuse contains a melting location which is arranged in the conductor path and which is connected first to the contact system and second via a moving conductor section to the first connection. The isolating apparatus is tripped and the connection between the conductor section and the contact system is broken at the melting location when an arc produced when the contact system is opened has caused the melting temperature of the melting location to be reached or exceeded.

Abstract: A process for the production of sulfuric acid from wet sulfur dioxide containing gases is disclosed. The sulfur dioxide containing gas is initially purified and cooled, then predried with dilute sulfuric acid, finally dried with concentrated sulfuric acid, converted to sulfur trioxide catalytically and, the sulfur trioxide is absorbed in sulfuric acid. Preliminary drying removes more water than needed to maintain the water balance in the following process steps. A portion of the dilute acid from the preliminary drying is concentrated prior to recycle to the preliminary drying step and another portion of the acid from the preliminary dryer is added to the sulfur trioxide absorber to adjust the water balance in the acid circulating between the final dryer and the sulfur trioxide absorber.

Abstract: Sulfuric acid is produced from sulfur trioxide-containing humid gases by a process wherein the sulfur trioxide-containing humid gases are directly cooled with aqueous sulfuric acid, sulfuric acid is condensed and the gas is cooled below dew point of the sulfuric acid, and the water not required to form sulfuric acid is discharged as water vapor with the end gases.

Abstract: A catalytic reactor for converting sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide, suitable for high throughput rates of up to about 500,000 standard cubic meters per hour. The reactor includes a plurality of separate reaction chambers each containing catalyst trays connected in parallel in the gas flow path. The catalyst trays define gas spaces and alternate gas spaces are provided with inlets for supplying a partial stream of the sulfur dioxide containing gases which are divided in the gas spaces. The gas spaces adjacent to the gas spaces provided with inlets are provided with outlets for withdrawing partial streams of the gases which have passed through the catalyst trays.