Abstract: Cross-component measurements made with a dual-transmitter configuration are processed to estimate a distance to an interface in an anisotropic earth formation. Distance to a boundary having an anisotropy contrast may be determined for reservoir navigation. Optionally, measurements may be made with two receivers, also in the dual transmitter configuration.

Abstract: Cross-component measurements made at a plurality of toolface angles are processed to remove bias. The amplitude of the resulting sinusoid is used to estimate a distance to an interface in an earth formation.

Abstract: A low-grade roasted coffee fraction is extracted with water in manner sufficient to remove at least 75% of the caffeine contained therein while retaining a major amount of the soluble solids. Volatiles are stripped from the resulting extract and condensed. Thereafter the low grade fraction is thoroughly extracted with an aqueous extraction medium and this extract is combined, either before or after drying, with a fully caffeinated water extract of a high-grade coffee fraction and with condensed volatiles from the stripping operation. A partially decaffeinated soluble coffee having desirable flavor and aroma may be obtained.