Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved permissible explosive composition. More particularly, the invention relates to a permissible water-in-oil emulsion explosive that is shock-resistant and has a relatively low density. The water-in-oil emulsion explosives of this invention contain a water-immiscible organic fuel as the continuous phase and an emulsified inorganic oxidizer salt solution as the discontinuous phase. These oxidizer and fuel phases react with one another upon initiation by a blasting cap or other initiator to produce an effective detonation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a means by which chemically or thermally gassed emulsion explosives can be packaged in symmetrical cartridges, such as cylindrical paper packages having crimped ends. After formation, the gassed emulsion explosive is formed into a continuous strip of generally constant width and height. The strip then is passed through a cooling bath to cool the emulsion explosive to a predetermined temperature. A desired length of emulsion then is cut from the cooled strip, and the cut length is wrapped with a paper packaging material to form a cartridge of emulsion explosive.

Abstract: The invention relates to a waterproof, free-running blasting agent and method of manufacturing the same and, more particularly, to a blasting agent in the form of microcapsules (small spherical-shaped particles comprising fluid or hardened droplets surrounded by a hardened shell material). The microcapsules are waterproof and free-running and are generally of a size ranging from about 10 to about 1000 microns or larger in diameter.

Abstract: The invention is a method and apparatus for formulating and delivering emulsion slurry blasting agents in a self-contained, "on-site," movable system, such as a heavy duty truck which houses the necessary apparatus for formulating the emulsion blasting agent. A key part of the apparatus is a blender in which the emulsion phase is formed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved explosives. More particularly, the invention relates to cap-sensitive slurry explosives, either water-in-oil emulsion explosives or conventional water-based slurries having a continuous aqueous phase, containing high strength, small, hollow, dispersed spheres as a density reducing agent. The preferred explosive is a cap-sensitive water-in-oil emulsion explosive having a water-immiscible liquid organic fuel as a continuous phase; an emulsified aqueous inorganic oxidizer salt solution as a discontinuous phase; an emulsifier; and as a density reducing agent, small, hollow, dispersed spheres, preferably glass or plastic, having a strength such that a maximum of about 10% collapse under a pressure of 500 psi. As used herein, the term "cap-sensitive" means that the explosive composition is detonable with a No. 8 cap at 20.degree. C. in a charge diameter of 32 mm or less.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thermally stable, cap-sensitive water-in-oil emulsion explosive composition having a discontinuous aqueous oxidizer salt solution phase containing calcium nitrate, a continuous oil or water-immiscible liquid organic phase, an emulsifier, and a density reducing agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to cap-sensitive water-in-oil emulsion blasting agents having a discontinuous aqueous phase, a continuous oil or water-immiscible liquid organic phase, an emulsifier, and perlite of fine particle size.

Abstract: The invention relates to water-in-oil emulsion blasting agents having a discontinuous aqueous phase, a continuous oil or water-immiscible liquid organic phase, and an emulsifier having an unsaturated hydrocarbon chain for its lipophilic portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to emulsified aqueous explosive blasting compositions having a discontinuous aqueous phase, a continuous oil or water-immiscible liquid organic phase, and a fatty acid amine or ammonium salt emulsifier having a chain length ranging from 14 to 22 carbon atoms.