Abstract: In order to achieve lighter patterned effects on a background of a deeper color, aqueous printing pastes containing, additionally to thickeners and other conventional printing assistants, assistants which have dissolving properties for the dyestuffs at elevated temperatures and which do not attack the fibers under thermosol conditions, are applied to textile webs which have been dyed in a finished manner with suitable dyestuffs or have only been impregnated therewith, after which the goods treated in this way are subjected to a steaming process or to a dry heat treatment. In accordance with the process it is possible to effect a uniform lightening, "white discharging" or "colored discharging" of dyeings, particularly dyeings of synthetic fibers with disperse dyestuffs and also dyeings of natural fibers or mixtures thereof with disperse dyestuffs, vat dyestuffs, leuco esters thereof and developing dyestuffs.

Abstract: Process for the continuous dyeing of textile webs made from cellulose fibers or wool, or mixtures containing such fibers, with reactive or sulfur dyestuffs in reduced form, or with reactive or acid dyestuffs, which comprises preheating the textile material to temperatures of from 97.degree. to 104.degree. C. by means of IR radiators or microwaves while maintaining a residual moisture corresponding at least to the water retention amount (normal humidity) of the fibers, and subsequently treating it with steam for 10 to 300 seconds without applying additional pressure, in order to fix the dyestuffs.

Abstract: Apparatus for drying a continuously moving web containing a combustible organic liquid comprises a walled chamber through which the web passes. Ignition and heating means adjacent the inlet of the web to the chamber initiates combustion of the organic liquid. Enroute to the web outlet of the chamber the web passes between heat radiating members located on opposite sides of the web so as to define between the heat radiating members a main combustion zone. Hot waste gases of combustion are led from the main combustion zone to an after combustion zone defined in part by the heat radiating members and in part by guide members located within the the chamber. The waste gases are drawn through the after combustion zone to waste gas outlets by means of a suction fan, the heat radiating members being heated by the waste gases.

Abstract: In the process for the pad-dyeing or printing of materials consisting of, or containing, polyester or polyamide fibers or filaments, in which process the materials are padded or printed in common manner with aqueous baths or printing pastes of disperse dyestuffs, and the dyestuffs are subsequently fixed by the action of liquid or gaseous methylene chloride or both of the said phases of methylene chloride, the improvement that use is made of a dyestuff of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 stands for hydrogen, hydroxy, nitro or ##STR2## R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each stand for hydrogen, chlorine or alkyl from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R.sub.4 represents hydrogen, chlorine, alkyl from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or --CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH-- forming the naphthalene ring, and R.sub.

Abstract: In the process for the pad-dyeing or printing of materials consisting of, or containing, polyester or polyamide fibers or filaments, whereat in known manner the said materials are padded or printed with an aqueous liquor or printing paste of disperse dyestuffs, and subsequently the dyestuffs are fixed by means of liquid or gaseous methylene chloride or of both of the said phases of methylene chloride, the improvement that a dyestuff of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 represents hydrogen, chlorine, bromine or cyano, R.sub.2 represents hydrogen, chlorine or alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms and R.sub.3 stands for alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, ##STR2## is applied.

Abstract: In the process for the pad-dyeing or printing of materials consisting of, or containing, polyester or polyamide fibers or filaments, in which process the materials are padded or printed in common manner with aqueous baths or printing pastes of disperse dyestuffs, and the dyestuffs are subsequently fixed by the action of liquid or gaseous methylene chloride or both of the said phases of methylene chloride, the improvement that dyestuffs of the general formula ##STR1## in which R is an alkoxy group of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, the group ##STR2## in which n stands for an integer of from 2 to 6, are used.

Abstract: In the process for the pad-dyeing of printing or materials consisting of, or containing, polyester or polyamide fibers or filaments, in which process the materials are padded or printed in common manner with aqueous baths or printing pastes of disperse dyestuffs, and the dyestuffs are subsequently fixed by the action of liquid or gaseous methylene chloride or both of the said phases of methylene chloride, the improvement that use is made of a dyestuff of the general formula (1) ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 represents --NH.sub.2, --NH--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --OH,R.sub.2 represents hydrogen, alkyl of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --OH, in which n stands for an integer of from 1 to 3, or phenyl, R.sub.3 represents hydrogen, --O--alkyl .sub.C.sbsb.1.sub.-C.sbsb.3, ##STR2## R.sub.4 stands for --OH, --NH.sub.2 or --NH--alkyl.sub.C.sbsb.1.sub.-C.sbsb.3, andR.sub.5 represents --OH or --NO.sub.2,or of the general formula (2) ##STR3## in which R'.sub.1 stands for --OH or --NH--(n-- or i--)alkyl.sub.C.sbsb.

Abstract: In the process for the pad-dyeing or printing of materials consisting of, or containing, polyester or polyamide fibers or filaments, whereat in known manner the said materials are padded or printed with an aqueous liquor or printing paste of disperse dyestuffs, and subsequently the dyestuffs are fixed by means of liquid or gaseous methylene chloride or of both of the said phases of methylenechloride, the improvement that a dyestuff of the formula ##STR1## in which R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, is applied.

Abstract: Process for reducing the "frosting effect" in the dyeing of textile fabrics made of staple fibers according to a continuous operation with intermediate drying, which comprises flattening the fiber ends protruding from the material web, between impregnating and drying the textile material, by the action of mechanical means onto the surface of the material web and holding them tight to the web surface by ironing, and device for carrying out the said process.

Abstract: Process for the uniform drying of a travelling textile web impregnated with treating agents by contacting the textile web oscillatorily over its width with the hot air current or heat radiation supplied by the corresponding sources of heat and hitting the web unilaterally or bilaterally. Devices for carrying out this process are described.

Abstract: Process for promoting uniform and low levels of migration in drying of moist textile webs impregnated with treating agents using cylinder drying machines, by removing the vapor layer formed on the reverse surface of the textile web not contacting the heated cylinders during the continuous passage of the web through the heat transfer zone by suction or transverse blowing over the width of the web. Devices for carrying out this process are described.

Abstract: Process for the fixation of prints with reactive dyestuffs, wherein an aqueous alkaline bath which contains an inflammable organic liquid is applied onto the printed and dried material, the said organic liquid is burned off after passage of the material through air and the said material is further treated in the usual manner. This process has the advantage, in addition to the usual advantages of a continuous method of operation over a discontinuous method, that special steamers for the fixation are not necessary. The burning off process is effected in an essentially simpler apparatus, in the most simple case a burning-off duct is sufficient. Moreover, the new process requires less energy than the conventional fixing processes.

Abstract: Process for drying chemicals which comprises treating the chemicals with a burnable organic liquid and burning off the liquid to dry the chemicals.The process is particularly useful for drying chemicals such as dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals and organic intermediates by applying an aqueous methanol solution to the chemicals and burning off the methanol to dry the chemicals.

Abstract: Process for the fixation of dyestuffs on textile materials of synthetic, regenerated or native fibers or of mixtures thereof, in which the textile material treated with a dyestuff preparation is introduced into a chamber and it is dwelled there, batched or cuttled up under pressure-steam.

Abstract: An apparatus for drying a chemical product containing a burnable liquid by igniting and burning the liquid from the product, consisting of means for contacting the product with a burnable liquid, means for feeding the product and means for cooling the product and liquid to a temperature below the ignition temperature of the liquid, continuous conveyer means for transporting the product to a burning chamber, the burning chamber having inlet means for the product, combustion air inlet means, ignition means for igniting the burnable liquid and outlet means for hot combustion gases and outlet means for the dried product.

Abstract: An apparatus for drying a material containing a burnable organic liquid by igniting and burning the liquid from the material, consisting of an enclosed burning chamber having at one end an inlet for the material to be dried, a combustion air inlet and an ignition means for igniting the burnable organic liquid and having at the opposite end transport means for drawing the material through the chamber, an outlet means for hot combustion gases and an outlet means for dried material.

Abstract: An apparatus for impregnating and drying a material containing an inflammable organic liquid by igniting and burning the liquid from the material, consisting of an impregnating means, an enclosed burning chamber having at one end an inlet for the material to be dried, a combustion air inlet and an ignition means for igniting the inflammable organic liquid and having at an other end transport means for drawing the material through the chamber, an outlet means for hot combustion gases and an outlet means for dried material.

Abstract: Process for the irregular dyeing of textile material, preferably in a continuous operation, by applying a mixture of dyestuffs and salts containing crystal water in powder form irregularly onto the material and melting the salt by means of a heat treatment, the bondage between the dyestuff and the material to be dyed being brought about by means of the liquid phase which forms thereby, and then finishing the dyeing in the usual manner according to known methods for the fixation of the dyestuffs used.

Abstract: Process for improving the wettability of textile material by means of aqueous treating liquors containing 10 to 60 % by volume of a saturated aliphatic alcohol of up to 2 carbon atoms, or dyeing or finishing liquors containing these mixtures, which comprises adding to these mixtures at least another aliphatic, straight-chain or branched, monohydric alcohol having more than 2 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A process for the continuous dyeing of textile materials consisting of or containing synthetic fibrous materials of the group consisting of high molecular polyamides, polyolefines, polyacrylonitriles, polyurethanes, polyvinylchlorides, polyvinylacetates, cellulose-2 1/2-acetate, cellulose-triacetate and high molecular polyesters from organic solvents, which comprises impregnating the said fibrous materials with organic dyebaths containing at least one dyestuff of the formula ##SPC1##In which R is linear or branched alkylcarbonyl of 4 to 18 carbon atoms, X is oyxgen or sulfur, Y is a direct linkage or NH, A is linear or branched alkylene of 1 to 4 carbon atoms unsubstituted or substituted by methoxy, ethoxy, phenoxy or R as defined above, B is (1) phenyl unsubstituted or substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, trifluoromethyl, cyano, carboalkoxy, nitro, acetyl, benzoyl or phenyl, or (2) napthyl, R.sub.1 is hydrogen or nitro, and R.sub.