Abstract: An infrared lamp with a closed-off enveloping tube which encloses an emission source joined with contacts for a power supply in the form of a carbon ribbon which, extending in a direction of a long axis of the enveloping tube, determines an irradiation length of the infrared lamp in the sense of a higher irradiation output. The carbon ribbon has a length which is larger than the irradiation length by a factor of at least 1.5. With a procedure for heating a material to be processed using the infrared lamp, which makes possible short processing times in connection with a simultaneous high degree of energy efficiency, the infrared lamp may be operated such that its maximum emission lies within a wavelength range from 1.8 &mgr;m to 2.9 &mgr;m, and such that its power output comes to at least 15 Watts per cm3 of the volume enclosed by the enveloping tube over the irradiation length.

Abstract: A radiation system has at least two elongated envelope tubes permeable to light and infrared radiation which are joined together and sealed from the ambient atmosphere, a first envelope tube of which contains an incandescent coil which is electrically connected through sealed tube ends and external contacts to an external power supply and emits infrared radiation in the near IR range; furthermore, at least a second envelope tube is provided which has an elongated carbon strip as an infrared radiator for radiation in the medium IR range, which is likewise connected through sealed ends and external contacts with the external power supply or with an additional external power supply. Preferably a carbon strip is used as the radiator strip, which is configured either as an elongated coil or forms an elongated strip.

Abstract: An infrared lamp with a closed-off enveloping tube which encloses an emission source joined with contacts for a power supply in the form of a carbon ribbon which, extending in a direction of a long axis of the enveloping tube, determines an irradiation length of the infrared lamp in the sense of a higher irradiation output. The carbon ribbon has a length which is larger than the irradiation length by a factor of at least 1.5. With a procedure for heating a material to be processed using the infrared lamp, which makes possible short processing times in connection with a simultaneous high degree of energy efficiency, the infrared lamp may be operated such that its maximum emission lies within a wavelength range from 1.8 &mgr;m to 2.9 &mgr;m, and such that its power output comes to at least 15 Watts per cm3 of the volume enclosed by the enveloping tube over the irradiation length.

Abstract: An infrared lamp with a closed-off enveloping tube which encloses an emission source joined with contacts for a power supply in the form of a carbon ribbon which, extending in a direction of a long axis of the enveloping tube, determines an irradiation length of the infrared lamp in the sense of a higher irradiation output. The carbon ribbon has a length which is larger than the irradiation length by a factor of at least 1.5. With a procedure for heating a material to be processed using the infrared lamp, which makes possible short processing times in connection with a simultaneous high degree of energy efficiency, the infrared lamp may be operated such that its maximum emission lies within a wavelength range from 1.8 &mgr;m to 2.9 &mgr;m, and such that its power output comes to at least 15 Watts per cm3 of the volume enclosed by the enveloping tube over the irradiation length.

Abstract: A radiation system has at least two elongated envelope tubes permeable to light and infrared radiation which are joined together and sealed from the ambient atmosphere, a first envelope tube of which contains an incandescent coil which is electrically connected through sealed tube ends and external contacts to an external power supply and emits infrared radiation in the near IR range; furthermore, at least a second envelope tube is provided which has an elongated carbon strip as an infrared radiator for radiation in the medium IR range, which is likewise connected through sealed ends and external contacts with the external power supply or with an additional external power supply. Preferably a carbon strip is used as the radiator strip, which is configured either as an elongated coil or forms an elongated strip.

Abstract: A radiation system has at least two elongated envelope tubes permeable to light and infrared radiation which are joined together and sealed from the ambient atmosphere, a first envelope tube of which contains an incandescent coil which is electrically connected through sealed tube ends and external contacts to an external power supply and emits infrared radiation in the near IR range; furthermore, at least a second envelope tube is provided which has an elongated carbon strip as an infrared radiator for radiation in the medium IR range, which is likewise connected through sealed ends and external contacts with the external power supply or with an additional external power supply. Preferably a carbon strip is used as the radiator strip, which is configured either as an elongated coil or forms an elongated strip.

Abstract: A radiation system has at least two elongated envelope tubes permeable to light and infrared radiation which are joined together and sealed from the ambient atmosphere, a first envelope tube of which contains an incandescent coil which is electrically connected through sealed tube ends and external contacts to an external power supply and emits infrared radiation in the near IR range; furthermore, at least a second envelope tube is provided which has an elongated carbon strip as an infrared radiator for radiation in the medium IR range, which is likewise connected through sealed ends and external contacts with the external power supply or with an additional external power supply. Preferably a carbon strip is used as the radiator strip, which is configured either as an elongated coil or forms an elongated strip.

Abstract: For triggering a discharge lamp powered by a d.c. source and having electrodes disposed in the lamp bulb, a power supply circuit is proposed having a triggering device where, after the start of heating of a cathode (which cathode is in the form of a heated cathode), the triggering device switches a triggering pulse to a discharge path of the lamp, which discharge path is formed by the two electrodes, and initiates a triggering phase, such that the triggering pulse at least partly overlaps in time with the heating phase of the cathode. In this way, reliable triggering of deuterium discharge lamps and hydrogen discharge lamps is possible, particularly in the case of a deuterium lamp having a relatively small opening, e.g. on the order of 0.3 mm.

Abstract: An infrared radiator includes a non-circular jacket tube made of quartz material, which may be quartz glass, the length of which is a multiple of the larger interior diameter and the interior of whch, in a sectional view, is separated into two areas, in each of which a heating wire extends in the direction of the tube axis. The heating wires are electrically conductive and connected to each other at one end of the jacket tube and lead to the exterior via connecting pieces at the other end. Two cross pieces which protrude from the inside wall of the jacket tube face each other and are directed toward the direction of the axis of the jacket tube so as to form the two areas.

Abstract: Continuous ovens are known including heat radiators, especially electrical infrared radiators for the thermal treatment of thin, plate-like components, especially printed circuit boards fitted with electronic components, including a conveying device which has two spaced-apart, parallel, synchronously driven continuous drive bands each having support elements for the plate-like components. In order to make a continuous oven including a conveying device wherein the printed circuit boards to be soldered are carried through the oven on a defined plane in their entire structural length such that the structural changes involved do not strongly affect the thermal conditions in the oven, an auxiliary drive band is disposed between the two drive bands and parallel thereto.