Abstract: A framework, of the general size and shape of an enclosed litter box, is designed to fit within a plastic bag of a comparable size and shape, so that it can rest on its side on the floor to provide a litter box. The framework may be of solid panels, or open mesh, or even wire forming the necessary shape. However, it must form the bag into a top, sides, rear, and bottom sections, with an open front section adjacent to the opening of the bag. While the top, sides and even the back of the framework may be solid, the bottom must be open so that the plastic surface of the bag along the bottom can be covered with litter to accommodate its proscribed function. The front must also be open to allow an animal to enter through the opening of the bag. The entire structure may be fit into a shallow pan that can support the bottom of the bag containing the litter and hold the framework above the litter.

Abstract: A pair of pliers has two opposingly curved halves to form jaws on one end and handles on the other end. One of the halves includes a primary, fised pivot blot, and a secondary, fixed pivot lug, adjacent to the pivot bolt. The other half has an opening in the pivot area with a recess on one side to hold the fixed pivot; the other side being arced about the recess and adjacent to, but just clearing the pivot lug. A spring on the other half holds the fixed pivot in the recess for basic opening and closing of the jaws of the pliers, but when the jaws engage a solid object, the fixed pivot comes out of its recess, and the pivot lug, which is toothed, engages the adjacent portion of the arced side of the opening, which is also toothed, to shift the fulcrum of the pliers from the fixed pivot on the one side of the opening to the pivot lug on the other side.