Abstract: The invention is directed to a double microscope for a surgeon and an assistant. The double microscope includes an optical splitter plate which splits the light coming from the operation field and directs the split beams to the two microscopes. The optical splitter plate, together with the objective of the assistant microscope and a beam deflection element, are all accommodated in a component connecting the two microscopes.

Abstract: For non-fatiguing observation through microscope eyepieces, the invention contemplates continuously displaceable eyecups for adjustment of pupil coincidence. The simple mechanical structure is based on force-fitted connection of one part of the eyecup to the eyepiece housing, together with guidance of another part parallel to the optical axis.

Abstract: The invention contemplates an improved ophthalmological instrument wherein photo slit-lamp function (for anterior-chamber examination of an eye) are combined with fundus-camera functions (for posterior-chamber examination of the eye), with important advantages of manipulating convenience and reduced cost. The invention is disclosed (a) for the case of a photo slit-lamp accessory for use with an existing fundus camera and (b) for the case of a more compact new instrument to serve both functions.

Abstract: The invention provides an ophthalmological technique and instrumentation for making better and more facile examinations of the anterior portion of an eye, by employing a known interference-contrast technique in on-axis combination with an illumination-source, and having the feature of binocular-microscope viewing. In the form described, polarized light from the source is introduced to the microscope-objective axis at a location between a Nomarski prism and the associated analyzer of the interference-contrast system. This polarized light passes through the Nomarski prism and the microscope objective enroute to the eye being examined; from the eye, it is reflected back through said objective and prism to the analyzer, where a beam-splitting prism serves the respective ray paths of a binocular-microscope viewing system.

Abstract: The invention contemplates a modular system of interchangeable and multiply-combinable objective-lens components for selective use with an operation microscope to enable improved viewing of small operational areas, particularly in areas which are in deep channels or recesses. The construction permits optional use of the instrument in the context of stereoscopic or split-beam binocular viewing, or as an endoscope. Viewing is enhanced by efficient light transmission of both (a) the light used for object illumination and (b) the optical transmission of the image to be viewed.