Abstract: The present invention relates to a radiation-polymerizable mixture which includes a polymerizable compound, a polymeric binder which has units of methacrylic acid, a methacrylic acid ester and a styrene, the latter in a proportion of 40 to 65% by weight, a finely divided mineral pigment on a silicic acid or silicate basis, a photopolymerization initiator, a compound having at least two epoxy groups in its molecule and a thermal hardener for epoxy groups. The mixture is advantageous, in particular, for producing solder masks and can be cured after exposure to an image and development by heating to about 80.degree. to 150.degree. C. to form a stencil which is resistant under soldering conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a radiation-polymerizable mixture which includes a polymerizable compound, a polymeric binder which has units of methacrylic acid, a methacrylic acid ester and a styrene, the latter in a proportion of 40 to 65% by weight, a finely divided mineral pigment on a silicic acid or silicate basis, a photopolymerization initiator, a compound having at least two epoxy groups in its molecule and a thermal hardener for epoxy groups. The mixture is advantageous, in particular, for producing solder masks and can be cured after exposure to an image and development by heating to about 80.degree. to 150.degree. C. to form a stencil which is resistant under soldering conditions.

Abstract: A radiation-polymerizable mixture, recording material and process for using the recording material in relief recordings. The radiation-polymerizable mixture contains:(a) a polymeric binder,(b) a compound of the formula: ##STR1## `in which A is O, NH or N-alkyl,Q is --CO--C.sub.p H.sub.2p -Z-- or --C.sub.k H.sub.2k O--,Z is O or NH,R.sup.1 is H or alkyl,R.sup.2 is alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl or SO.sub.2 R.sup.3,R.sup.3 is alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl or aryloxy,k is a number from 3 to 20,l is a number from 0 to 20,m is a number from 2 to 20,n is a number from 1 to 20 andp is a number from 2 to 10, and(c) a compound or a combination of compounds, which is capable of initiating the polymerization of the compound (b) under the action of actinic radiation.The mixture is especially suitable for the preparation of dry photoresist materials and is distinguished by good flexibility and adhesion to copper and by easy strippability in the light-cured state.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of polymers of vinylphosphonic acid in protic diluents with the aid of catalysts which form free radicals, which comprises heating vinylphosphonic acid at temperatures of 40.degree. to 130.degree. C. in a total of 10 to 150% by weight of protic diluents for a total of 4-60 hours in the presence of 1.0 to 5.5% by weight of aliphatic peroxy-esters, diacyl peroxides and/or aliphatic azo compounds which decompose by half in one hour at temperatures below 122.degree. C.

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive composition is disclosed which comprises: (a) a polymeric binder comprised of an alkenyl phenol monomer; (b) a compound which forms a strong acid under the action of actinic radiation; and (c) a compound which contains at least one acid-cleavable C-O-C bond and has a solubility in a liquid developer which is increased by the action of acid. The composition yields positive-working recording layers which are more flexible than layers comprising known novolak binders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photosensitive transfer material, which comprises a flexible temporary support film which is preferably transparent, a thermoplastic photosensitive layer, optionally a flexible cover film on the free side of the photosensitive layer and, optionally, an intermediate layer between the support film and the photosensitive layer. The photosensitive transfer material is suitable for manufacturing photoresist stencils and solder masks. The temporary support film has a rough surface which exerts an embossing effect on the surface of the photosensitive layer and the intermediate layer, respectively. The mat-finish of the intermediate layer prevents an irregular deformation of this layer in moist air, while the mat-finish of the photosensitive layer precludes unwanted reflections.

Abstract: A radiation-polymerizable mixture comprising a binder which is insoluble in water, but soluble or at least swellable in aqueous alkaline solutions; a radiation-activatable polymerization initiator; and a polymerizable polypropylene glycol diester with acrylic or methacrylic acid corresponding to the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group and n represents a number from 2 to 13; and a light-sensitive copying material comprising a support and a light-sensitive layer comprising a mixture of the foregoing type. The radiation-polymerizable mixture of the invention produces non-tacky layers which exhibit a low sensitivity to atmospheric oxygen and are useful as dry or liquid photoresists.

Abstract: A radiation-polymerizable mixture comprising a compound having at least two terminal ethylenically unsaturated groups which can form a crosslinked polymer by means of free-radical initiated addition polymerization, a polymeric binder, a radiation activatable polymerization initiator, and a compound having two epoxy groups in the molecule and a molecular weight of not more than 1,500; and a photopolymerizable copying material having a flexible transparent temporary support and a transferrable thermoplastic photopolymerizable layer comprising the above-described radiation-polymerizable mixture.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new phosphorus-containing polymer, polyvinylmethylphosphinic acid. It is prepared by polymerization, preferably catalytic, of vinylmethylphosphinic acid or a salt thereof. The new polymer possesses valuable properties and is used, in particular, in the production of offset printing plates which have a light-sensitive layer.

Abstract: A radiation-polymerizable mixture comprising a polymeric binder, a radiation-activatable polymerization initiator and a polymerizable acrylate or methacrylate ester having at least two urethane groups in the molecule, said ester being a reaction product of glycerol dimethacrylate or glycerol diacrylate and a polyisocyanate obtained by reacting a polyhydroxy compound having from two to six hydroxyl groups with a diisocyanate or a reaction product of glycerol dimethacrylate or glycerol diacrylate and a diisocyanate. The new polymerizable urethanes provide the mixture with a high light-sensitivity, good reciprocity and a low tendency to crystallize.

Abstract: A radiation-polymerizable mixture is described comprising (a) a compound which has at least two terminal ethylenically unsaturated groups and which can form a crosslinked polymer by means of free radical initiated chain addition polymerization, (b) a polymeric binder, (c) a radiation-activatable polymerization initiator which can be activated by radiation, and (d) a compound which is thermally crosslinkable with the polymeric binder (b), with the polymerization product of compound (a) and/or with itself and which, if its crosslinking groups are epoxy groups, has at least three epoxy groups. A photopolymerizable copying material is also disclosed having a flexible transparent temporary support and a transferable thermoplastic photopolymerizable layer comprising the foregoing radiation-polymerizable mixture. The photopolymerizable layer, after photocrosslinking, can be additionally cured by thermal crosslinking and is therefore suitable for the manufacture of solder resists and high performance printing plates.

Abstract: A polyurethane corresponding to the formula: ##STR1## wherein Q is a divalent, mononuclear or dinuclear aromatic radial which is unsubstituted or is substituted by lower alkyl groups and which can contain, as a linking member, a lower alkylene group,X is one of the groups --O--Ph--Z--Ph--O-- and --OOC--(CH.sub.2).sub.y --COO--,Ph being an optionally substituted phenylene group,Z being an alkylene group having 1--4 carbon atoms andy being a number from 2 to 12,R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group,Y is an alkylene radical having 2-6 carbon atoms,m is an integer from 4 to 50n is an integer from 1 to 6 ando is an integer from 4 to 20having the properties of thermolasts and being hardenable to give elastic products. It is suitable for use as a hardenable constituent of photopolymerizable materials.

Abstract: A polyurethane corresponding to the formula: ##STR1## wherein Q is a divalent, mononuclear or dinuclear aromatic radial which is unsubstituted or is substituted by lower alkyl groups and which can contain, as a linking member, a lower alkylene group,X is one of the groups --O--Ph--Z--Ph--O-- and --OOC--(CH.sub.2).sub.y --COO--,Ph being an optionally substituted phenylene group,Z being an alkylene group having 1-4 carbon atoms and y being a number from 2 to 12,R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group,Y is an alkylene radical having 2-6 carbon atoms,m is an integer from 4 to 50n is an integer from 1 to 6 ando is an integer from 4 to 20having the properties of thermoplasts and being hardenable to give elastic products. It is suitable for use as a hardenable constituent of photopolymerizable materials.

Abstract: A process and an aqueous treatment solution for cleaning copper surfaces, in particular for removing residues of photoresist layers, which residues still adhere after development to the cleared copper areas, are described. The solution contains a water-soluble aliphatic sulfonic acid having 8 to 30 carbon atoms or a water-soluble salt thereof.

Abstract: In filler-containing molding compositions a very good compatibility between the hydrophilic filler and the hydrophobic polymer matrix is obtained by using as adhesion promotor alkali metal salts of alkyl or alkylene-sulfonic acids or alkyl sulfates, the derivatives thereof and the acids on which the salts are based. The flow properties of the molding compositions and the mechanical properties of the shaped articles made therefrom are improved.

Abstract: In the case of polyolefins filled with alkaline earth metal carbonates, a very good compatibility of the hydrophilic filler and the hydrophobic polymer matrix is reached when using as adhesion promoters certain organo-phosphorus compounds. As a result, improved mechanical properties are obtained with the articles made of plastic material that has been prepared from such polyolefin molding compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel agents for the flame-proofing of polymers, especially transparent polyamides. These agents, phosphinylphosphinic acids, are used in quantities of 3 to 40 weight percent calculated on the weight of the polymer. These flame-proofing agents can easily be prepared and render the polymers flame-proof to a high degree without deteriorating the mechanical and physical properties.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel flame retarding polyamide molding compositions containing, as the flameproofing agents, an amount of from 6 to 40, preferably 8 to 30 weight % of an alkali metal or a group II or III metal salt of a phosphinic or diphosphinic acid. The flameproofing agents are thermostable and do not adversely affect the polyamides during preparation and processing.

Abstract: There are disclosed and claimed novel polyamides showing transparency and other excellent properties, and the process for making them. The polyamides of the invention are prepared in the known manner and under common conditions by poly-condensing meta-xylylene diamine, which may optionally be partially substituted by para-xylylene diamine, at least one straight chain aliphatic diamine, at least one unsubstituted aromatic dicarboxylic acid and at least one aliphatic saturated dicarboxylic acid.

Abstract: Flame-repellant linear polyesters are obtained by incorporating by condensation phosphorus-compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein R and R.sub.1 are organic radicals which may also contain hereto atoms into the linear polyesters, preferably those from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol. These polyesters are materials of which flame-repellent filaments, fibers, sheets, press-moulded and injection-moulded articles may be made. Products of the invention can be used whereever especially acute risks of ignition and fire exist.