Abstract: A process for tungsten alloy plating wherein a tungsten replenisher concentrate of tungsten ions pre-complexed with a hydroxy carboxylic acid is used for maintenance additions to the bath. A preferred additive includes from about 100 to about 120 g/l of tungsten ions complexed with from about 120 to about 220 g/l of citric acid. The process provides consistent cathode efficiency and produces ductile deposits of tungsten alloy electroplate.

Abstract: A brightening agent for use in tungsten alloy electroplating baths to replace hexavalent chromium plating or other hard lubrous coatings. Baths of the present invention comprise an effective amount of tungsten ions; an effective amount of a metal ion compatible with tungsten; one or more complexing agents; and an effective amount of a bath soluble alkoxylated hydroxy alkyne for providing brightening of a tungsten alloy electroplate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for providing a corrosion-resistant coating on a zinc-cobalt alloy surface said surface with a hexavalent chromium-containing treatment solution. In a preferred embodiment, the solution comprises:(a) about 2 to about 30 g/l of CrO.sub.3 ;(b) 0 to about 25 g/1 of dichromate ion such that the total Cr.sup.+6 is about 1 to about 35 g/l;(c) about 0.5 to about 20 g/l of NH.sub.4.sup.+ ; and(d) about 5 to about 30 g/l of formate ion.The solution additionally comprises:(e) about 2 to about 25 g/l of Cl.sup.- ; and has a pH controlled by the addition of HCl or NaOH of about 0.8 to about 2.5. The solution is substantially-free of sulfate, chlorate and nitrate. In one embodiment, the formate is optional and low levels of Cr.sup.+6 are employed.

Abstract: An improved aqueous acidic electrolyte suitable for electrodepositing zinc alloys comprising a combination of zinc and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron, and mixtures thereof incorporating an effective amount of an additive agent for providing improved grain-refinement and enhancing the adjustment of the codeposition of the alloying metals in the zinc alloy deposit. The additive agent comprises a bath soluble polyhydroxy compound having three or more hydroxyl groups at least one of which is substituted with a polyoxyalkylene group.The present invention further encompasses the process of employing the aforementioned electrolyte for the deposition of functional and decorative zinc alloy electrodeposits.

Abstract: An aqueous bath suitable for electrodepositing zinc and alloys of zinc including zinc-nickel, zinc-cobalt, zinc-nickel-cobalt, zinc-iron, zinc-iron-nickel, zinc-iron-cobalt, and zinc-nickel-cobalt-iron containing a brightening amount of an AABB-type polyamide brightener in an amount effective to produce an electrodeposit of the desired brightness. The invention further contemplates the process of electrodepositing zinc and zinc alloys of the foregoing types on a conductive substrate employing the aqueous electrolyte.

Abstract: A bath composition and method for electrodepositing a cobalt-zinc alloy on a conductive substrate which simulates the appearance of a conventional chromium electrodeposit. The bath comprises an aqueous solution having a pH of about 6 to about 9 containing a controlled ratio of cobalt ions and zinc ions and a complexing agent sufficient to maintain the cobalt and zinc ions in solution. The bath and method are particularly adaptable for rack plating articles to impart a decorative bright chromium-like appearance and semi-bright deposits simulating conventional chromium platings.

Abstract: A process and aqueous composition for electrodepositing a uniform, adherent substantially black nickel deposit on a conductive substrate. The aqueous solution is of a pH ranging from about 8 to about 12 and contains nickel ions in combination with a controlled effective amount of a selected class of bath soluble amines to attain the black nickel deposit. The aqueous solution may further optionally contain supplemental darkening enhancing agents, conductivity salts and wetting agents of the types conventionally employed in nickel electroplating solutions.

Abstract: An electrodeposited bright coating simulating in appearance that of chromium is formed on a metal-bearing substrate with substantial production economies by contacting the metallic layer on the susbstrate with an aqueous solution including therein a source of cobalt, nickel or iron ions; a source of tin ions; and a complexing agent selected from the group consisting of gluconate, glucoheptonate, or mixtures thereof. If desired, the aqueous solution may include a source of zinc ions. During the process the thickness of the chromium-like appearance coating is controlled so that it does not substantially exceed five micrometers.