Abstract: A hose or tube for transporting a gas specimen has an inner envelope, forming a diffusion barrier and containing a plurality of perforation holes, and an outer envelope, forming a diffusion layer and resting on the inner envelope. The object is to develop a hose or tube so as to ensure transport of a gas specimen over as great a distance as possible without substantial weakening of the concentration, and at the same time without impairing the ability of the gas to be detected to diffuse into the hose or tube. For this purpose, the outer envelope contains diffusion-inhibiting sealing zones on its inner surface, which zones overlap the perforation holes in the inner envelope.

Abstract: A hose or tube for transporting a gas specimen has an inner envelope, forming a diffusion barrier and containing a plurality of perforation holes, and an outer envelope, forming a diffusion layer and resting on the inner envelope. The object is to develop a hose or tube so as to ensure transport of a gas specimen over as great a distance as possible without substantial weakening of the concentration, and at the same time without impairing the ability of the gas to be detected to diffuse into the hose or tube. For this purpose, the outer envelope contains diffusion-inhibiting sealing zones on its inner surface, which zones overlap the perforation holes in the inner envelope.

Abstract: A sensor line for monitoring for and locating leaks in an installation, in which chlorine escapes to the area surrounding the installation if there is a leak. The sensor line contains a carrier pipe. The wall of the carrier pipe has openings which are closed by at least one layer which is permeable for chlorine and contains a halogen-containing siloxane rubber.

Abstract: A method for producing a collecting line, and a collecting line produced according to the method is provided for detecting and locating an agent discharging into the environment of the collecting line in case of leakage. Such a collecting line has a carrier pipe, the wall of which is equipped with openings that are sealed by an elastic material that is permeable for the agent. Accordingly, a hose made of the permeable elastic material, the inside diameter of which is smaller than the outside diameter of the carrier pipe, is elastically expanded by creating a pressure difference between the interior and the exterior of the hose. The carrier pipe is inserted into the radially expanded hose, and the radially expanded hose is attached to the outside surface of the carrier pipe by reducing the pressure difference.

Abstract: A sensor line for monitoring for and locating leaks in an installation, in which chlorine escapes to the area surrounding the installation if there is a leak. The sensor line contains a carrier pipe. The wall of the carrier pipe has openings which are closed by at least one layer which is permeable for chlorine and contains a halogen-containing siloxane rubber.

Abstract: A method for producing a collecting line, and a collecting line produced according to the method is provided for detecting and locating an agent discharging into the environment of the collecting line in case of leakage. Such a collecting line has a carrier pipe, the wall of which is equipped with openings that are sealed by an elastic material that is permeable for the agent. Accordingly, a hose made of the permeable elastic material, the inside diameter of which is smaller than the outside diameter of the carrier pipe, is elastically expanded by creating a pressure difference between the interior and the exterior of the hose. The carrier pipe is inserted into the radially expanded hose, and the radially expanded hose is attached to the outside surface of the carrier pipe by reducing the pressure difference.

Abstract: A given volume of a test substance is provided into a monitoring line which is filled with a test medium (e.g. air). The line extends along a path for determining concentration profiles of certain substances along the path. For the purpose of transporting a column of test medium through the monitoring line, the pressure in the monitoring line is increased by switching on a pressure pump or, for the same purpose--in an alternative embodiment--the pressure is reduced by switching on a suction pump. A given metering volume of the test substance is automatically released in the monitoring line when the pressure goes beyond a given pressure threshold. The release of the given metering volume of the test substance, after it has been carried along the monitoring line by the column of test medium, results in a test peak for reference reading calibration in a sensor which responds to the test substance and which is connected to the monitoring line.

Abstract: A device and a method for leakage detection and leakage location in an installation, in particular in a pipeline, include a collecting line which is permeable to a substance and is connected to a pump and to a sensor for the substance. A metal wire is disposed outside and along the collecting line and is connected to a negative pole of a direct current source. When a solution, for example salt water, emerges from a leak in a pipeline, a gas, in particular hydrogen, is obtained by electrolysis at the metal wire. A concentration maximum of the gas in the collecting line is then detected and located.

Abstract: The apparatus enables accurate determination of concentration profiles of liquid or gaseous substances along a given path. A partially permeable line segment is laid along the route and the substances to be detected are allowed to penetrate into its interior. The line is filled with a test medium, and the column of the test medium is forced through the line at chronological intervals and moved past a sensor that is sensitive to the substances. A first closure is incorporated between the sensor and the line, and one or more closures are incorporated into the line to maintain the column of test medium substantially stationary in a position of repose of the system.

Abstract: A method for ultrasonic leak location includes showing sound levels at various measuring locations along a measurement segment, which is a part of an annular structure, with a bar diagram. The same bar diagram is added again to the bar diagram. A particular sound level having the highest value and being located the most in the middle of the placed together bar diagrams is picked out. A segment around the associated pickup positions having one complete set of pickup positions is picked out. Two compensating straight lines for that set having an intersection being ascertained to identify the leakage position are determined. Another method includes providing at least a sound level having a position substantially facing the leakage position with a correction value. An apparatus for ultrasonic leak location includes a number of ultrasound pickups being disposed along a measuring segment. Amplifiers and components forming an effective value connect a data processing system to outputs of the ultrasound pickups.

Abstract: A method for ultrasonic leak location includes showing ultrasound levels measured at various measuring locations along a measuring segment in a bar diagram. An intersection of two straight lines in the bar diagram is ascertained to identify a leakage position. At least an individual ultrasound pickup is calibrated with respect to its amplification factor and/or its location error. An apparatus for ultrasonic leak location includes a number of ultrasound pickups being disposed along a measuring segment. Amplifiers and components forming an effective value connect outputs of the ultrasound pickups to a data processing system. The data processing system calibrates an individual ultrasound pickup with respect to its amplification factor and/or its location coordinate.

Abstract: A method for ultrasonic leak location includes showing sound levels in a bar diagram at various locations along a measurement segment. The measuring segment is divided into subsegments with intrinsically uniform damping. Effective portions are obtained by multiplying the subsegments by the associated damping coefficient, and an effective portion is assigned to each of the subsegments. Corresponding effective measuring positions are ascertained for the measuring locations within the effective portions. Respective logarithmized net sound levels are plotted through the ascertained effective measuring locations and two inclined straight lines are produced as a result. An intersection of the straight lines in the bar diagram is ascertained for identifying a leak point. An apparatus for ultrasonic leak location includes a number of ultrasound pickups being disposed at measuring locations along a measuring segment, a data processing computer, amplifiers and components forming an effective value.