Abstract: A method and a device for the control/regulation of the heat flows caused by heat generators and heat consumers in a motor vehicle, at least on the basis of a momentary load state of the motor vehicle engine and the momentary vehicle operating conditions and ambient conditions. A control/regulation device makes a forecast of the load state of the engine cooling system lying ahead, on the basis of a model that takes into consideration driving condition-relevant quantities and the thermal inertia of the engine cooling system and of engine load-relevant ambient conditions lying ahead, recorded by a satellite navigation system, and carries out a corresponding control/regulation of all heat flows in the motor vehicle, especially of the engine cooling system.

Abstract: A method for regulating the load in a thermal engine having a power generator in order to keep the voltage or the frequency at the terminals of the power generator constant during load changes using constantly even power usage. Load regulation during load changes by maintaining a constant voltage or frequency in the terminals of the power generator, an electronic system determining the difference between maximum power capacity and present electrical load and this difference being conducted back to the thermal energy process as high-temperature heat by a variable load resistor.

Abstract: An apparatus for electrostatic atomization of liquids, particularly fuel, has a nozzle, which has a nozzle body of electrically conductive material, connected to ground potential, with a nozzle opening for the emergence of a volume of liquid under pressure and has an electrode in the nozzle body, coaxially opposite the nozzle opening, which electrode is at a high-voltage potential. To avoid a corona discharge of the electrically charged liquid volume emerging from the nozzle opening, which would limit the magnitude of the possible electric charging of the liquid volume in the nozzle and thus the degree of atomization, nonelectrical means are provided toward the nozzle opening for atomizing the liquid volume as it emerges from the nozzle, and these means are embodied such that the mechanical breakaway forces they produce in the liquid volume are effective sooner than the forces of electrostatic repulsion prevailing between the liquid droplets.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines has a hollow nozzle body with a fuel valve chamber and with a nozzle opening for the emergence of the fuel. A valve seat, which interacts with a valve member, is formed in the interior of the nozzle body. To achieve high-grade atomization or charging of the fuel emerging from the nozzle opening, two electrodes connected to a high voltage are provided, of which at least one is composed of a material suitable for field emission of electrical charge carriers. One electrode is arranged on a valve member and the other electrode on the nozzle body, in such a way that an electric field which passes through the flow of fuel is formed directly upstream or downstream of the valve seat.