Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the activation of double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts and to a process for the preparation of polyethercarbonate polyols from one or more H-functional starter compounds, one or more alkylene oxides and carbon dioxide in the presence of a double metal cyanide catalyst, characterized in that (?) (?1) the DMC catalyst and one or more H-functional starter compounds are placed in a reactor, (?2) an inert gas, an inert gas/carbon dioxide mixture or carbon dioxide is passed through the reactor at a temperature of 50 to 200° C. and at the same time a reduced pressure (absolute) of 10 mbar to 800 mbar is established in the reactor by removal of the inert gas or carbon dioxide, (?) under an atmosphere of inert gas/carbon dioxide mixture or under a pure carbon dioxide atmosphere, alkylene oxide is added to the mixture from step (?) at temperatures of 50 to 200° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the activation of double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts with heterocumulenes for the preparation of polyether carbonate polyols by catalytic copolymerization of carbon dioxide (CO2) with alkylene oxides in the presence of one or more H-functional starter substances, and to a process for the preparation of polyether carbonate polyols from one or more H-functional starter substances, one or more alkylene oxides and carbon dioxide in the presence of a double metal cyanide catalyst, characterized in that (?) under an inert gas atmosphere, under an atmosphere of an inert gas/carbon dioxide mixture or under a pure carbon dioxide atmosphere, at temperatures of from 90 to 150° C., the DMC catalyst is mixed with a heterocumulene and H-functional starter substance, (?) alkylene oxide is added at temperatures of from 100 to 150° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyether carbonate polyols from one or more H-functional starter compounds, one or more alkylene oxides and carbon dioxide in the presence of a double metal cyanide catalyst, wherein (?) the H-functional starter substance or a mixture of at least two H-functional starter substances is initially introduced into the reaction vessel, (?) for the activation, a part amount (based on the total amount of the amount of alkylene oxides employed in steps (?) and (?)) of one or more alkylene oxides is added to the mixture resulting from step (?), it also being possible for step (?) to be carried out several times for the activation, (?) one or more alkylene oxides and carbon dioxide are metered continuously into the mixture resulting from step (?) (“copolymerization”), the alkylene oxides employed for the copolymerization being identical to or different from the alkylene oxides employed in step (?), characterized in that in step (?) the carbon dioxide is

Abstract: Methods of making a chiral phosphorus compound of formula (X) are disclosed: wherein R1, R2, R3 are chiral or achiral groups selected from the list consisting of substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain, branched-chain or cyclic aliphatic or aromatic groups and in which the pair R1/R2 may be interconnected to form a ring.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of polycarbonate polyols, characterised in that cyclic carbonates are polymerised in the presence of DMC catalysts and chain-transfer agents consisting of polyether carbonate polyols.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous method for producing formic acid from CO2 and extracting the formic acid using compressed CO2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel chiral phosphorus compounds which can be readily prepared from quinoline derivatives as inexpensive starting compounds and have the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 are chiral or achiral organic residues which are derived from substituted or unsubstituted straight or branched chain or cyclic aliphatic or aromatic groups and which, in the case of the pairs R1/R2 and R4/R5, may be interconnected. Further, the invention relates to methods for the synthesis of chiral phosphorus compounds of general formula (I) and their use as catalyst components in processes for the preparation of optically active products.

Abstract: The invention relates to multi-amine functional oligomers and multi-oxime functional oligomers in addition to a method for producing the same by means of the co-polymerisation of carbonyl carriers such as olefins or dienes, reaction with hydroxylamine and a subsequent selective catalytic hydrogenation.

Abstract: The invention relates to bimetallic complexes in which the ligand contains a salophen unit which complexes copper, manganese or cobalt and a phenanthroline unit which complexes palladium and the two systems are linked by a continuous conjugated system. The invention further relates to the use of these bimetallic complexes as catalysts for the oxidative carbonylation of aromatic hydroxy compounds to form diaryl carbonates, a process for preparing diaryl carbonates using the bimetallic complex as catalyst and also diaryl carbonates prepared by oxidative carbonylation of aromatic hydroxy compounds using the bimetallic complexes of the invention as catalysts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel chiral phosphorus compounds which can be readily prepared from quinoline derivatives as inexpensive starting compounds and have the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 are chiral or achiral organic residues which are derived from substituted or unsubstituted straight or branched chain or cyclic aliphatic or aromatic groups and which, in the case of the pairs R1/R2 and R4/R5, may be interconnected. Further, the invention relates to methods for the synthesis of chiral phosphorus compounds of general formula (I) and their use as catalyst components in processes for the preparation of optically active products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel chiral phosphorus compounds which can be readily prepared from quinoline derivatives as inexpensive starting compounds and have the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 are chiral or achiral organic residues which are derived from substituted or unsubstituted straight or branched chain or cyclic aliphatic or aromatic groups and which, in the case of the pairs R1/R2 and R4/R5, may be interconnected. Further, the invention relates to methods for the synthesis of chiral phosphorus compounds of general formula (I) and their use as catalyst components in processes for the preparation of optically active products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel chiral phosphorus compounds which can be readily prepared from quinoline derivatives as inexpensive starting compounds and have the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 are chiral or achiral organic residues which are derived from substituted or unsubstituted straight or branched chain or cyclic aliphatic or aromatic groups and which, in the case of the pairs R1/R2 and R4/R5, may be interconnected. Further, the invention relates to methods for the synthesis of chiral phosphorus compounds of general formula (I) and their use as catalyst components in processes for the preparation of optically active products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel chiral phosphorus compounds which can be readily prepared from quinoline derivatives as inexpensive starting compounds and have the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 are chiral or achiral organic residues which are derived from substituted or unsubstituted straight or branched chain or cyclic aliphatic or aromatic groups and which, in the case of the pairs R1/R2 and R4/R5, may be interconnected. Further, the invention relates to methods for the synthesis of chiral phosphorus compounds of general formula (I) and their use as catalyst components in processes for the preparation of optically active products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for carrying out olefin ring-closing metathesis (RCM) wherein compressed carbon dioxide (gaseous, liquid or supercritical) acts as solvent for the liquid or solid reactant and the products obtained therefrom, while additionally one or more ionic liquids are introduced as the 2nd phase in which homogeneous olefin metathesis catalysts are immobilised.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for carrying out olefin ring-closing metathesis (RCM) wherein compressed carbon dioxide (gaseous, liquid or supercritical) acts as solvent for the liquid or solid reactant and the products obtained therefrom, while additionally one or more ionic liquids are introduced as the 2nd phase in which homogeneous olefin metathesis catalysts are immobilised.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel chiral phosphorus compounds which can be readily prepared from quinoline derivatives as inexpensive starting compounds and have the general formula I wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 are chiral or achiral organic residues which are derived from substituted or unsubstituted straight or branched chain or cyclic aliphatic or aromatic groups and which, in the case of the pairs R1/R2 and R4/R5, may be interconnected. Further, the invention relates to the use of chiral phosphorus compounds of general formula I as catalysts or catalyst components in processes for the preparation of optically active products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel chiral phosphorus compounds which can be readily prepared from quinoline derivatives as inexpensive starting compounds and have the general formula I 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of epoxides by the oxidation of olefins using molecular oxygen with the addition of an aldehyde additive, characterized in that the oxidation is performed in compressed carbon dioxide as the solvent, which, as compared to many conventional organic solvents, is stable towards oxidation, reduces the danger of explosion and is toxicologically and ecologically safe.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for producing chiral aldehydes by the enantioselective hydroformylation of prochiral substrates with the aid of a catalyst consisting of a transition metal and a chiral ligand, characterized in that said chiral ligand is a compound of general formula 1 wherein the rings R7-R10 drawn with dotted lines are optional and one or more of rings R1-R6 or R7-R10 are substituted with one or more independently selected substituents of general formula —(CH2)x(CF2)yF(x=0-5; y=1-12) or their branched isomers. In particular, the invention relates to the conducting of the mentioned methods in compressed (liquid or supercritical) carbon dioxide as the reaction medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for the preparation of oxo products by the hydroformylation of substrates having C═C double bonds using unmodified rhodium catalysts in a reaction mixture essentially consisting of the substrates, the catalyst and carbon dioxide in a supercritical state (scCO2). In particular, the invention relates to such processes for the preparation of products which contain substantial proportions of branched i-oxo products. Further, the invention relates to such processes for the hydroformylation of substrates which do not correspond to the general formula CnH2n. The invention further relates to such processes in which the separation of product and catalyst is effected using the special solvent properties of scCO2.