Abstract: Systems and techniques detecting a reverse current are disclosed. An apparatus comprises a switching circuit coupled to a load and a reference node. The switching circuit may be capable of conducting a reverse current from the reference node to the load when a voltage at the load is lower than a voltage at the reference node. A voltage source has a first terminal coupled to the load, a second terminal configured to follow a voltage at the load, and produces a voltage proportional to a voltage drop across the switching circuit. A comparator circuit is coupled to compare a voltage at the second terminal of the voltage source to the voltage at the reference node and configured to indicate when the reverse current has a magnitude greater than a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: Systems and techniques detecting a reverse current are disclosed. An apparatus comprises a switching circuit coupled to a load and a reference node. The switching circuit may be capable of conducting a reverse current from the reference node to the load when a voltage at the load is lower than a voltage at the reference node. A voltage source has a first terminal coupled to the load, a second terminal configured to follow a voltage at the load, and produces a voltage proportional to a voltage drop across the switching circuit. A comparator circuit is coupled to compare a voltage at the second terminal of the voltage source to the voltage at the reference node and configured to indicate when the reverse current has a magnitude greater than a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: This invention relates to an internal combustion engine combusting hydrocarbon fuel having a lithium conditioned combustion chamber for reduced carbon oxide engine emissions. The condition chamber is formed by combusting therein a hydrocarbon fuel containing a lithium salt.

Abstract: A clamp including kinetic energy control. The clamp includes a self-compensating, non-adjustable hydraulic damper having kinetic energy absorption, such as a shock absorber.

Abstract: A pressure control valve is disclosed which includes an inlet; an outlet; a valve body between the inlet and the outlet; a piston having opposed smaller and larger ends each having a circumferentially extending piston wall, the piston being slideably received within the valve body and having a bore therethrough; a porting assembly for providing a fluid passageway between the inlet and the bore, and biasing means for biasing the piston against the pressure at the outlet towards a first position proximate the outlet from a second position proximate the inlet; wherein in the first position fluid communication is made between the inlet and the outlet via the porting assembly and the bore, and in the second position fluid communication between the inlet and the outlet is prevented by the circumferentially extending piston wall of the smaller end of the piston cooperating with the porting assembly to close the fluid passageway between the inlet and the bore.