Abstract: Disclosed is an alkali aqueous flocculating agent based on an alkali aqueous salt clay extract containing dissolved silicate and aluminate, in addition to alkali chloride whereby for an aluminate (1) content by weight expressed as Al(OH)3, 1.) approximately 2 to 3 parts by weight of silicate expressed as SiO2 are provided and 2) at least approximately (10) parts by weight, especially at least (20) parts by weight of alkali chloride are provided, in addition to a flocculating and a sedimentation agent in the form of an acidic and alkali-extracted salt clay. The invention further relates to a method for the production of said flocculating and sedimentation agents which can be used advantageously in swimming baths, for the treatment of drinking water, industrial water, grey water and waste water in sewage treatment plants as auxiliary agents for absorption, sedimentation and filtration.

Abstract: The invention relates to an enveloping membrane for discharging an enclosed agent in an aqueous medium. The aqueous solution of an oxidizing chlorine-oxygen compound is enclosed is said enveloping membrane which is insoluble in a neutral aqueous medium. In an advantageous embodiment, the enveloping membrane represents a capsule structure, particularly according to the core/shell principle. The core has a spongy, moist structure and contains the aqueous solution of an oxidizing chlorine-oxygen compound while the shell is water-insoluble and is provided with pores to discharge the chlorine-oxygen compound over an extended period of time, particularly in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for flushing particle bearing filter beds located in a circuit or linear water treatment plant for sterilization and decontamination of the filter beds. The filter can be charged with a chlorine-oxide-containing, chlorine-dioxide-containing, halogen-containing, and/or peroxide-containing aqueous solution. A solution acts on the deposits of the particle-type filter bed such that the bed can be subsequently flushed with water and/or an aqueous medium for removal of the process caused reaction product and any residual chlorine oxides or halogens or peroxides.

Abstract: Disclosed is an alkali aqueous flocculating agent based on an alkali aqueous salt clay extract containing dissolved silicate and aluminate, in addition to alkali chloride whereby for an aluminate (1) content by weight expressed as Al(OH)3, 1.) approximately 2 to 3 parts by weight of silicate expressed as SiO2 are provided and 2) at least approximately (10) parts by weight, especially at least (20) parts by weight of alkali chloride are provided, in addition to a flocculating and a sedimentation agent in the form of an acidic and alkali-extracted salt clay. The invention further relates to a method for the production of said flocculating and sedimentation agents which can be used advantageously in swimming baths, for the treatment of drinking water, industrial water, grey water and waste water in sewage treatment plants as auxiliary agents for absorption, sedimentation and filtration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing an essentially chlorite-free, stable, aqueous chlorine-oxygen solution. Said method comprises the following steps: (1) a hydrogen sulfate compound is dissolved in water, (2) an acid is added to the aqueous solution containing hydrogen sulfate in such a quantity that the pH value in the target final product in the form of the essentially chlorite-free, stable, aqueous chlorine-oxygen solution is maintained between approximately 3 and 5; (3) a peroxide compound is added; and (4) an aqueous chlorite solution is added dropwise in a quantity of between approximately 60 and 90 mole %, especially between 70 and 80 mole %, of chlorite, in relation to the concentration of peroxide compound. The invention also relates to the chlorine-oxygen solutions which can be obtained by means of said method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filtering apparatus including, inside a filtering tower (1), a filtering section (r), a liquid collecting section (7) and a liquid feeding section (e). The liquid feeding section (e) includes a diffuser (A) attached to an upwardly oriented orifice (5a) formed at a leading end of a liquid feeding pipe (5). The object is to provide an apparatus which allows use of the existing filtering tower without its enlargement and which allows uniform falling of the filtering liquid over the substantially entire top surface of the filter medium layer, thus making it readily possible to maintain the flatness of the top surface of the filter medium layer even when light-weight medium is employed, thereby to allow the filter medium layer as well as the entire filtering apparatus to achieve their desired filtering performance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing an essentially chlorite-free, stable, aqueous chlorine-oxygen solution. Said method comprises the following steps: (1) a hydrogen sulfate compound is dissolved in water, (2) an acid is added to the aqueous solution containing hydrogen sulfate in such a quantity that the pH value in the target final product in the form of the essentially chlorite-free, stable, aqueous chlorine-oxygen solution is maintained between approximately 3 and 5; (3) a peroxide compound is added; and (4) an aqueous chlorite solution is added dropwise in a quantity of between approximately 60 and 90 mole %, especially between 70 and 80 mole %, of chlorite, in relation to the concentration of peroxide compound. The invention also relates to the chlorine-oxygen solutions which can be obtained by means of said method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filtering apparatus including, inside a filtering tower (1), a filtering section (r), a liquid collecting section (7) and a liquid feeding section (e). The liquid feeding section (e) includes a diffuser (A) attached to an upwardly oriented orifice (5a) formed at a leading end of a liquid feeding pipe (5). The object is to provide an apparatus which allows use of the existing filtering tower without its enlargement and which allows uniform falling of the filtering liquid over the substantially entire top surface of the filter medium layer, thus making it readily possible to maintain the flatness of the top surface of the filter medium layer even when light-weight medium is employed, thereby to allow the filter medium layer as well as the entire filtering apparatus to achieve their desired filtering performance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for flushing particle-bearing filter beds which are located in circuit or linear water-treatment plants, to sterilise and decontaminate said beds. The method is characterised in that an aqueous solution containing chlorine oxide and/or halogen and/or peroxide is left to act on the deposits of the particle-type filter bed and said bed is subsequently flushed with water or an aqueous medium, to remove the reaction products caused by the aforementioned process and any residual chlorine oxides or halogens or peroxides.