Abstract: A streamwise-vortex generating diverter is placed upstream from a structure to protect the structure. The diverter is positioned to induce a vortex, or rotation, in the current flow whose axis is essentially parallel to the streamwise flow. This rotating flow persists downstream of the diverter effectively guiding debris away from the protected structure.

Abstract: A novel torque converter is disclosed which utilizes streamwise vorticity as well as a mean flow within the passageways of the machine to transfer energy efficiency over an extended utility ratio. This is accomplished with novel blade structures utilizing salient edges disposed in part along the mean flow path. Pairs of counter rotating vortices are produced by the impeller blades. The direction of rotation of these vortices is reversed by the turbine blades, efficiently transferring torque from the impeller to the turbine. At speed ratio zero the directions of rotation of the vortices leaving the turbine are again reversed by the stator to impart torque to the stator. This continues until the design speed ratio is achieved. Thereafter, the vortices are guided by the stator passages to the impeller. Below the design speed ratio, the impeller guides the vortices through it to the turbine where their flow is reversed. Above the design speed, the vortices from the stator are reversed by the impeller.