Abstract: A method updating a program in a flash memory includes executing a first image of the program while an address space of the program is imaged onto the memory blocks, which are operated in a single-level mode; copying part of the first image from a range within the address space, which is imaged onto one of the blocks, into a backup block; setting the one of the blocks to a multi-level mode; while the address range is imaged onto the backup block, programming the one of the blocks with part of the second image besides for the part of the first image; switching the address range back to the block while the block remains in the multi-level mode; as long as the second image is incomplete, repeating the copying, programming, and switching with further parts of the second image; and subsequently executing the second image instead of the first image.

Abstract: A method updating a program in a flash memory includes executing a first image of the program while an address space of the program is imaged onto the memory blocks, which are operated in a single-level mode; copying part of the first image from a range within the address space, which is imaged onto one of the blocks, into a backup block; setting the one of the blocks to a multi-level mode; while the address range is imaged onto the backup block, programming the one of the blocks with part of the second image besides for the part of the first image; switching the address range back to the block while the block remains in the multi-level mode; as long as the second image is incomplete, repeating the copying, programming, and switching with further parts of the second image; and subsequently executing the second image instead of the first image.

Abstract: A swiveling arrangement with a swiveling element swivelable around an axis powered and damped by a gas spring having a cylinder filled with gas and divided into first and second working chambers by a piston that has a piston rod guided through the second working chamber and a guiding and sealing unit. A first connection opened during an outward stroke of the piston from the second to the first working chamber, and a second connection is opened during an inward stroke from the first to the second working chamber that has a smaller cross-sectional flow area than the first connection. An auxiliary piston separates the second working chamber from an auxiliary chamber. A third connection from the auxiliary chamber to the second working chamber opened in the end move-out stroke and a fourth connection from the second working chamber to the auxiliary chamber opened in the move-in stroke.

Abstract: A method for updating a control device having a first processor core and having a first flash memory associated with the first processor core, in which the first processor core works with a first block of the first flash memory, in which while it is working, a second block, electronically separate from the first block, of the first flash memory is reprogrammed with a predefined memory image; and in which after reprogramming, the first processor core is switched over from the first block of the first flash memory to the second block of the first flash memory.

Abstract: A system of at least two microcontrollers, each of the at least two microcontrollers having a respective hardware interface that is set up for a terminal of a contact connection, and the at least two microcontrollers being functional both when they are coupled by a contact connection in data-transmitting fashion via the hardware interfaces as well as independently. An electronic component, a computing unit, and a method for producing such a system, are also described.

Abstract: A method for operating a control device, in which in a first operating mode of the control device the first processor core is operated predominantly locally with the first flash memory, and the second processor core is operated predominantly locally with the second flash memory, in a second operating mode of the control device the first processor core and the second processor core are operated with the first flash memory, and in which in a third operating mode of the control device the first processor core and the second processor core are operated with the second flash memory.

Abstract: A method for updating a control device having a first processor core and having a first flash memory associated with the first processor core, in which the first processor core works with a first block of the first flash memory, in which while it is working, a second block, electronically separate from the first block, of the first flash memory is reprogrammed with a predefined memory image; and in which after reprogramming, the first processor core is switched over from the first block of the first flash memory to the second block of the first flash memory.

Abstract: A system of at least two microcontrollers on a common semiconductor substrate, each of the at least two microcontrollers respectively having one hardware interface, and the at least two microcontrollers being coupled in data-transmitting fashion via the hardware interfaces by a coupling device.

Abstract: A swiveling arrangement with a swiveling element swivelable around an axis powered and damped by a gas spring having a cylinder filled with gas and divided into first and second working chambers by a piston that has a piston rod guided through the second working chamber and a guiding and sealing unit. A first connection opened during an outward stroke of the piston from the second to the first working chamber, and a second connection is opened during an inward stroke from the first to the second working chamber that has a smaller cross-sectional flow area than the first connection. An auxiliary piston separates the second working chamber from an auxiliary chamber. A third connection from the auxiliary chamber to the second working chamber opened in the end move-out stroke and a fourth connection from the second working chamber to the auxiliary chamber opened in the move-in stroke.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the controlled dosage of a medicament as a function of time by means of a method for the determination of a corresponding dosage profile and corresponding control of a dosage instrument.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the time-controlled intravenous administering of the anesthetic propofol by means of a method used for determining an adequate dosage profile and adequately controlling an infusion pump as a metering apparatus.

Abstract: A computer system and a method for calculating an ADME properties of a substance on the basis of molecular properties of the substance by using a biophysical model, into which the molecular properties are entered as input quantities. The biophysical model establishes a relationship between the molecular properties and the ADME properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the time-controlled intravenous administering of the anesthetic propofol by means of a method used for determining an adequate dosage profile and adequately controlling an infusion pump as a metering apparatus.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for use in the clinical/therapeutical field for the patient-individual optimization of the dosage and/or the dosage scheme of a drug based on rational, mathematical models which take into consideration possible physiological variations that are due to the illness or other particularities of the patient and the interaction with co-drugs that are administered at times close to each other. The invention also relates to the supply of said drug dose by means of a dosage device.

Abstract: Computer system for calculating a pharmacokinetic behavior of a chemical substance in insects, comprising: a physiologically based pharmacokinetic simulation model (102) of an insect for predicting concentration/time profiles of the chemical substance in compartments of the insect, the simulation model having at least one parameter which is dependent on the substance, and a prediction module (110) for predicting the at least one parameter on the basis of a physicochemical property of the substance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the controlled dosage of a medicament as a function of time by means of a method for the determination of a corresponding dosage profile and corresponding control of a dosage instrument.

Abstract: A packaging machine with a displacement unit with a running packaging item support arranged on the displacement unit.

Abstract: A method is described for selecting chemical compounds and visualizing their ADME properties using an indication-specific target profile. In one embodiment, the method comprises determining and/or selecting molecular properties of one or more compounds in a computer database. This information is used to generate one or more ADME maps describing the compounds' behaviour in a biophysical model. An indication-specific target profile of the desired ADME properties is defined and compared with the compounds' actual ADME profile or map to make an optimized selection of compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a computer system and a method for calculating an ADME property of a substance, which comprises the following steps: a. input of molecular properties of said substance into a biophysical model, whereby said biophysical model describes a correlation between the molecular properties and the ADME property and b. output of the ADME property.

Abstract: Method for determining the dose of at least one active agent based on a genetic analysis. The method comprises analyzing specific genes for their nucleotide sequence or their expression levels of gene-specific proteins and/or RNA molecules. The gene-specific data is assigned one or more relevant physiological functions of the human or animal body, in particular those which have an influence on the metabolism, absorption, excretion or distribution of the active agent in the body. The gene-specific data and the assigned physiological functions are then integrated into a physiology-based pharmacokinetic model (PBPK model). The PBPK model integrates pharmacokinetic data relating to one or more active agents. The PBPK model may also receive and evaluate patient-specific data directly inputted and combined with data from a knowledge database comprising known values of pharmacokinetic parameters. The PBPK's integration of these data provide a calculation of the individual dose of the active agent.