Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided to iteratively reconstruct a computed tomography (CT) image using a spatially-varying content-oriented regularization parameter, thereby achieving uniform statistical properties within respective organs/regions and different statistical properties (e.g., degree of smoothing and noise level) among the respective organs/regions. For example, less smoothing and sharper features/resolution can be applied within a lung region than within a soft-tissue region by using a smaller regularization parameter value in the lung region than in the soft-tissue region. This can be achieved, e.g., using a minimum intensity projection to suppress/eliminate sub-solid nodules in the lung region. The content-oriented regularization parameter can be generated by reconstructing an initial CT image, which is then segmented/classified according to organs and/or tissue type.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided to iteratively reconstruct a computed tomography (CT) image using a spatially-varying content-oriented regularization parameter, thereby achieving uniform statistical properties within respective organs/regions and different statistical properties (e.g., degree of smoothing and noise level) among the respective organs/regions. For example, less smoothing and sharper features/resolution can be applied within a lung region than within a soft-tissue region by using a smaller regularization parameter value in the lung region than in the soft-tissue region. This can be achieved, e.g., using a minimum intensity projection to suppress/eliminate sub-solid nodules in the lung region. The content-oriented regularization parameter can be generated by reconstructing an initial CT image, which is then segmented/classified according to organs and/or tissue type.

Abstract: An apparatus for image reconstruction is provided, including processing circuitry to obtain, from a scan of a region of interest of a patient, raw projection data of the region of interest; reconstruct the raw projection data to produce image data; apply high dynamic range tone-mapping to the image data to produce tone-mapped image data by applying window width and window level parameters to the image data to produce adjusted image data, and calculating a contrast adjustment based on both the image data and the adjusted image data; and quantize the tone-mapped image data to produce quantized tone-mapped image data for display.

Abstract: An apparatus for image reconstruction is provided, including processing circuitry to obtain, from a scan of a region of interest of a patient, raw projection data of the region of interest; reconstruct the raw projection data to produce image data; apply high dynamic range tone-mapping to the image data to produce tone-mapped image data by applying window width and window level parameters to the image data to produce adjusted image data, and calculating a contrast adjustment based on both the image data and the adjusted image data; and quantize the tone-mapped image data to produce quantized tone-mapped image data for display.

Abstract: The present invention includes interlayers and multiple layer glazing panels comprising those interlayers, wherein the interlayers comprise poly(vinyl butyral) and a glycerol based plasticizer. The addition of the glycerol based plasticizer surprisingly results in a plasticized poly(vinyl butyral) layer that is suitable for use in a wide range of multiple layer glazing applications.

Abstract: The present invention includes interlayers and multiple layer glazing panels comprising those interlayers, wherein the interlayers comprise poly(vinyl butyral) and a glycerol based plasticizer. The addition of the glycerol based plasticizer surprisingly results in a plasticized poly(vinyl butyral) layer that is suitable for use in a wide range of multiple layer glazing applications.

Abstract: A high-pass element of a filter assembly for a line connected to static converters having a high voltage level for filtering harmonics and damping resonance sites includes a first series circuit including a first capacitor, a first choke coil, and a second choke coil. A resistor is connected in parallel with the choke coils. A second series circuit is connected directly in parallel with the second choke coil. The second series circuit includes a second capacitor and a damping resistor. On the other hand, the second capacitor and the damping resistor may be in parallel with the second choke coil and at least one other series circuit may be connected in parallel with the second choke coil. The at least one other series circuit includes a series capacitor and a series resistor.

Abstract: For reducing the amount of circuitry and losses in double highpasses for filter arrangements in networks with a high voltage level, the two resonance frequencies and Q-factors of the double highpass are tuned so that in a critical harmonic range, at most a harmless slight resonance peak can occur, for which purpose a series capacitor together with a series choke are connected in series with a shunt circuit grounded, in the case of high voltage and ungrounded in the case of medium voltage, of ohmic, inductive and capacitive circuit elements connected to the network.