Abstract: An optical transceiver having a locking assembly that prevents undesirable movement of the optical transceiver when engaged with another device is described. The locking assembly includes a slide with a projection, lift, and weighted stops. In a first configuration, the slide and weighted stops can sustain contact between a thermal interface material of the optical transceiver and the other device while locking the optical transceiver to prevent movement. In a second configuration mode, the locking assembly disengages the thermal interface material from the other device and unlocks the weighted stops to permit disconnection from the other device.

Abstract: An optical transceiver having a locking assembly that prevents undesirable movement of the optical transceiver when engaged with another device is described. The locking assembly includes a slide with a projection, lift, and weighted stops. In a first configuration, the slide and weighted stops can sustain contact between a thermal interface material of the optical transceiver and the other device while locking the optical transceiver to prevent movement. In a second configuration mode, the locking assembly disengages the thermal interface material from the other device and unlocks the weighted stops to permit disconnection from the other device.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, a low coherence interferometer is used to non-invasively monitor the concentration of glucose in blood by shining a light over a surface area of human or animal tissue, continuously scanning the light over a two dimensional area of the surface, collecting the reflected light from within the tissue and constructively interfering this reflected light with light reflected along a reference path to scan the tissue in depth. Since the reflection spectrum is sensitive to glucose concentration at particular wavelengths, measurement and analysis of the reflected light provides a measure of the level of glucose in the blood. The measurement of glucose is taken from multiple depths within blood-profused tissue, and sensitivity is preferably enhanced by the use of multiple wavelengths. Noise or speckle associated with this technique is minimized by continuously scanning the illuminated tissue in area and depth.

Abstract: A system and a method for creating a stable and reproducible interface of an optical sensor system for measuring blood glucose levels in biological tissue include a dual wedge prism sensor attached to a disposable optic that comprises a focusing lens and an optical window. The disposable optic adheres to the skin to allow a patient to take multiple readings or scans at the same location. The disposable optic includes a Petzval surface placed flush against the skin to maintain the focal point of the optical beam on the surface of the skin. Additionally, the integrity of the sensor signal is maximized by varying the rotation rates of the dual wedge prisms over time in relation to the depth scan rate of the sensor. Optimally, a medium may be injected between the disposable and the skin to match the respective refractive indices and optimize the signal collection of the sensor.

Abstract: A method for noninvasively measuring analytes such as blood glucose levels includes using a non-imaging OCT-based system to scan a two-dimensional area of biological tissue and gather data continuously during the scanning. Structures within the tissue where measured-analyte-induced changes to the OCT data dominate over changes induced by other analytes are identified by focusing on highly localized regions of the data curve produced from the OCT scan which correspond to discontinuities in the OCT data curve. The data from these localized regions then can be related to measured analyte levels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for estimating blood glucose levels using a noninvasive optical coherence tomography- (OCT-) based blood glucose monitor. An algorithm correlates OCT-based estimated blood glucose data with actual blood glucose data determined by invasive methods. OCT-based data is fit to the obtained blood glucose measurements to achieve the best correlation. Once the algorithm has generated sets of estimated blood glucose levels, it may refine the number of sets by applying one or more mathematical filters. The OCT-based blood glucose monitor is calibrated using an Intensity Difference plot or the Pearson Product Moment Correlation method.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, a low coherence interferometer is used to non-invasively monitor the concentration of glucose in blood by shining a light over a surface area of human or animal tissue, continuously scanning the light over a two dimensional area of the surface, collecting the reflected light from within the tissue and constructively interfering this reflected light with light reflected along a reference path to scan the tissue in depth. Since the reflection spectrum is sensitive to glucose concentration at particular wavelengths, measurement and analysis of the reflected light provides a measure of the level of glucose in the blood. The measurement of glucose is taken from multiple depths within blood-profused tissue, and sensitivity is preferably enhanced by the use of multiple wavelengths. Noise or speckle associated with this technique is minimized by continuously scanning the illuminated tissue in area and depth.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of diagnosing or treating a biological subject, such as a person or animal, comprising the steps of subjecting at least a microsample of the subject's tissue to a physiological perturbation and measuring the response of the microsample to the perturbation using optical coherence tomography (OCT). In an exemplary embodiment, the concentration of glucose in the microsample is perturbed, as by providing the subject with a high glucose drink, and subsequently monitoring at a high sample rate in a microsample by OCT. Pathology, such as diabetes, can be diagnosed by deviation of the concentration vs. time response over several cells (micro-oscillation) from the micro-oscillation in the cells of a healthy subject. Other applications include diagnosing or treating de-hydration and diseases that cause changes in the osmolyte concentrations and thus the osmotic pressure in the cells in tissue.

Abstract: A micro-refrigerator is fabricated using Micro-Electro Mechanical Systems processing and is used to thermally control photonic or microelectronic circuits. Temperatures below local ambient are possible due to the refrigeration capability of the device and unwanted parasitic heat such as from the walls or lid of an enclosure is minimized due to the small size of the cooled mounting area for the integrated circuit. Localized cooling is provided by jets of vapor droplet mixture controlled to impinge directly onto the hottest regions of a microelectronic or photonic integrated circuit allowing greater circuit density and thermal dissipation at isolated regions within the integrated circuit and advantageously improving performance. Methods of manufacturing micro-scale refrigerator elements including the compressor, evaporator and condenser are defined. This device is a direct improvement over the commonly used thermoelectric cooler for thermal control of microelectronic or photonic devices.