Abstract: A pressure containment apparatus includes a shell having a top end and a bottom end forming a pressure chamber. The pressure containment apparatus also includes a liner having an outside diameter larger than an inside diameter of the shell, wherein the liner is removably restrained within the shell by a frictional force between the liner and the shell. A retainer and retainer spring supporting the retainer are disposed within a space between the liner and a bottom manifold such that the retainer and retainer spring minimize axial forces exerted on a bottom end flange of the pressure containment apparatus.

Abstract: An internally cooled pressure vessel includes a high pressure cylinder having a shell and a floating liner. The liner is restrained by the axial friction force between the liner and the shell. The pressure vessel has cooling grooves that can be cleaned and inspected in site. To cool the pressure vessel, cooling liquid is pumped into the bottom manifold, travels through the cooling grooves, and flows out the top manifold.

Abstract: An internally cooled pressure vessel includes a high pressure cylinder having an inner shell, and a shrink-fit, floating liner. The movement of the liner is restrained by the axial friction force between the liner and the shell. The liner is removable and has cooling grooves that can be cleaned and inspected in site. The end load is restrained by a tie rod frame, including tie rods and end flanges that are positioned at both ends of the cylinder. Pressure is introduced through separate top and bottom manifolds. To cool the vessel, water is pumped into the bottom manifold, travels through the cooling grooves, and flows out the top manifold.

Abstract: An improved high pressure, piston pump has at least one two-piece telescoping cylinder having an end flange at one end and a housing containing piston drive means at the other end which are held together by tie rods passing through spacer tubes. The cylinder can be opened without loosening the tie rods to expose the piston and replace the piston seal.

Abstract: A free piston compressor for gases and liquids in which the positive pressure of the incoming fluid holds the piston against the piston rod during the intake stroke. In a specific form, the cylinder head is a plug of larger diameter than the piston which can be unscrewed to permit removal and replacement of the piston for service.

Abstract: The valve of U.S. Pat. No. 3,774,877 in which have valve operating pistons are mounted in a tubular sleeve received in a bore in a two part valve body, one part containing the connection for P1 and the other part containing the connection for P2 and the valve port.