Abstract: A lighting system having an operating device and a plurality of lamps. The operating device serves to control the lamps. Each of the lamps has an identification transmitting unit, which serves to control the particular lamp at least temporarily in such a way that the particular lamp outputs an identification light signal to be uniquely identified. An identification receiving unit, which receives the identification light signals of the lamps, is integrated in the operating device. The lighting system is designed in such a way that only lamps whose identification light signal is presently received by the identification receiving unit of the operating device at the time of the output of a control signal for controlling the lamps or within a defined time period therebefore can be controlled.

Abstract: A road and path lighting system having a lighting apparatus including a projection unit for projecting signals onto a projection area, and a communications module designed to control the projection unit on the basis of incoming input signals. The system also includes a lighting apparatus having a light source, a transmission unit, and a communications module for actuating the light source on the basis of data which is transmitted by the transmission unit, and a wireless data communications unit by which the transmission unit is connected wirelessly to a receiver of the communications module. The transmission unit preferably has an independent energy source. The transmission unit can also be designed as a sensor unit having a sensor, the sensor unit being provided on the lighting apparatus, in particular on the outside thereof. Further disclosed is, a method for outputting signals of the road and path lighting system.

Abstract: A lighting system having an operating device and a plurality of lamps. The operating device serves to control the lamps. Each of the lamps has an identification transmitting unit, which serves to control the particular lamp at least temporarily in such a way that the particular lamp outputs an identification light signal to be uniquely identified. An identification receiving unit, which receives the identification light signals of the lamps, is integrated in the operating device. The lighting system is designed in such a way that only lamps whose identification light signal is presently received by the identification receiving unit of the operating device at the time of the output of a control signal for controlling the lamps or within a defined time period therebefore can be controlled.

Abstract: A road and path lighting system having a lighting apparatus including a projection unit for projecting signals onto a projection area, and a communications module designed to control the projection unit on the basis of incoming input signals. The system also includes a lighting apparatus having a light source, a transmission unit, and a communications module for actuating the light source on the basis of data which is transmitted by the transmission unit, and a wireless data communications unit by which the transmission unit is connected wirelessly to a receiver of the communications module. The transmission unit preferably has an independent energy source. The transmission unit can also be designed as a sensor unit having a sensor, the sensor unit being provided on the lighting apparatus, in particular on the outside thereof. Further disclosed is, a method for outputting signals of the road and path lighting system.

Abstract: A measurement method and apparatus rely upon the coherent optical interference between a reference beam and a diffractionless sensing beam having an optical path length that has been disturbed. The interference pattern can be analyzed to determine a measurement parameter of the disturbance. The diffractionless beam is particularly a Bessel beam. Exemplary optical interferometer types including Mach-Zehnder, Michelson, Sagnac and Fabry-Perot include a Bessel beam generator to generate a diffractionless beam as the sensing optical beam and in some aspects the reference optical beam of the interferometer. The sensing optical beam propagates along a sensing optical beam path in free-space. The reference optical beam path may be a free-space medium or a material medium such as an optical fiber. The sensing optical beam path is subject to a disturbance manifested by the optical interference pattern between the sensing optical beam and the reference optical beam.

Abstract: A method for mitigating modal dispersion in a multimode optical fiber involves launching a diffractionless optical beam, such as a Bessel beam, into a multimode optical fiber. A fiber optical transmission system includes a multimode optical fiber transmission medium having an input end and an output end, an optical signal transmitter in communication with the input end of the multimode optical fiber medium, means for converting the optical signal into a diffractionless optical signal, means for launching the diffractionless optical signal in the input end of the multimode optical fiber transmission medium, means for outputting the propagated optical signal from an output end of the multimode fiber transmission medium, and a receiver that receives the optical signal from the output means.

Abstract: The maduraphthalazine derivatives of the formula (4) are able to inhibit the effect of the cytokines interleukin-2, interleukin-4 and interleukin-5 and are suitable for the production of pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: Polycyclic phthalazines, in particular 2-substituted maduraphthalazines (10,12,15,16-tetrahydroxy-8-methoxy-11-methyl-1,9,14-trioxo-1,2,6,7,9,14-h exahydronaphthaceno-1,2-g-phthalazines), of formula I and their use against gram-positive bacterial strains, particularly against multi-resistant staphylococci (MRSA) and against glycopeptide-resistant, for example vancomycin-resistant, enterococci. The polycyclic phthalazines are thus suitable for preparing anti-bacterially effective pharmaceutical compositions. In formula I, R.sup.1 is carboxyalkyl or carboxyaryl, and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represent H or acyl (for example CO-alkyl or COO-alkyl), with R.sup.1 being different from optionally substituted carboxyphenyl when R.sup.3 represents C.sub.1-8 alkanoyl. The invention also relates to salts, amides and esters of compounds of formula I.

Abstract: A screening device (3) for screening exterior light (2) which illuminates a room (1), is controlled such that in the room on the one hand, user comfort with regard to freedom from dazzling and room temperature is optimal and, on the other hand, energy consumption for artificial lighting within the room or for heating and cooling the room is minimized.

Abstract: In a system for the control of several appliances (1-5), in particular light fittings distributed in several rooms (A, B, C), from a central command generator (10, 11), and with a method for setting this system into operation, one of the appliances (5) is selected and monitored for the issue of an externally detectable identification signal. All appliances (1-5) already have, before installation of the system, an original address (U4, U2, U1, U5, U3) and are installed without regard to these original addresses. After the installation, the original addresses (U4, U2, U1, U5, U3) are chosen one after the other, and the associated appliances (1-5) instructed to identify themselves. When the selected appliance (5) identifies itself, there is transmitted thereto a preset operational address (B5). This method is then repeated with other selected appliances (1-5), until all appliances have operational addresses (B1-B5).

Abstract: In accordance with the invention the circuitry arrangement comprises a central unit (5) and a plurality of peripheral units, such as control apparatuses for lamps, connected with the central unit via a data bus. These peripheral units are each connected with the data bus (1) via a coupling unit (3), each coupling unit (3) having a receiving branch for the transfer of information from the central unit (5) to the peripheral unit, and a transmission branch for the transfer of information from the peripheral unit to the central unit (5). Here, the central unit (5) sends out information in the form of a modulated a.c or pulse voltage onto the data bus. The transmission branch applies information to the data bus (1) in that the output resistance of the transmission branch is varied. Because the receiving branch in the coupling unit (3) is continuously active and the transmission branch is inactive in the case of non-sending operation, at most a very small return current is consumed in the coupling unit (3).

Abstract: A control system for a plurality of appliances in distributed arrangement, in particular lighting fittings, having a command generator (1), a receiver (10) associated with each appliance (40), a control line (2) which connects the command generator (1) to each receiver (10), and a first memory (20, 23) in each receiver (10) in which an operational address (A2) for the associated appliance (40) can be stored. A control part (30, 50) is provided in each receiver (10) by means of which the appliance (40) associated therewith (30, 50) can be controlled by the command generator (1) if it (30, 50) has first been activated by selection of the operational address (A2) of the appliance (40) associated therewith. The control system for appliances that are to be in distributed arrangement is intended to make a particularly simple initiation of operations possible.

Abstract: A method and circuit arrangement for adapting the light intensity of the summation light (E.sub.i) of a room lit by internal light (E.sub.k) and external light (E'.sub.i) to the external light (E.sub.a), which varies with the time of day, in which the light intensity of the internal light is controlled in dependence on one or more control parameters according to a given function and the function can be varied according to individual preference, are to be arranged so as to provide means of making finer adjustments to the light intensity in a room. This is achieved by determining the function by a plurality of independently settable function values (11), each function value (11) being variable independently of other function values (11).

Abstract: In the embodiment disclosed in the specification an evaporation cooling system for an internal combustion engine heat exchanger avoids valves or the like by providing a liquid-vapor separator in the vapor line between the engine and the main condenser and a bypass line for liquid coolant which bypasses the main condenser leading to a condensate line having a pump. When the temperature of the engine is high enough for coolant to vaporize, the vapor passes through the vapor line and the separator to the main condenser. A heat exchanger for a vehicle heater is disposed in the condensate line so that it always receives all of the coolant in circulation.

Abstract: The invention contemplates a so-called switching probe head in which the movable element of the probe has a tensed at-rest position on support structure which determines its zero position and from which it is displaced upon work contact.To increase the accuracy by which the zero position of the probe element (2, 4) is reproduced, the probe element is suspended, without friction, from a housing part (1) of the probe head, via at least three filaments (5a, b, c), wires or flexible strips. For torsionally rigid centering of the probe element, friction-free wire or strip arrangements are also usable; and torsional-rigid alternatives include use of a bellows (3) or of balls having rolling contact with opposing walls of centering grooves.

Abstract: The invention contemplates an improved work-contacting probe for use in a measuring machine wherein the relationship between contacted locations on a workpiece are reduced to coordinate digital data. The various described probe embodiments feature means whereby positional errors due to probe flexure upon work contact are substantially reduced, as compared to pre-existing structures.