Abstract: A method of and system for controlling the oil concentration in and the stability of an oil-in-water emulsion used as a coolant-lubricant in a metalworking operation in which a portion of the emulsion is circulated through a sensor to monitor its density and to generate a signal relating the density to the oil concentration. The signal is employed to control addition of oil to the emulsion to thereby control the concentration within close limits. Sensing means also monitors the stability of the circulated emulsion, and emulsifier is added, as required, either to the oil to be added or directly to the emulsion to thereby control both the oil concentration in and the stability of the emulsion.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are disclosed for accurately controlling the temperature of a moving metal strip in a continuous heat treating operation. A plurality of temperature sensors are located at fixed intervals along the path of the metal strip through the heat treating apparatus, e.g., the cooling tunnel following an annealing oven, employed to control the application or extraction of heat and thereby the rate of temperature change of the strip. Errors in sensor readings are compensated by secondary averaging of adjacent temperature differential measurements to provide a more accurate temperature control.

Abstract: A method of and system for controlling the oil concentration in and the stability of an oil-in-water emulsion used as a coolant-lubricant in a metalworking operation in which a portion of the emulsion is circulated through a sensor to monitor its density and to generate a signal relating the density to the oil concentration. The signal is employed to control addition of oil to the emulsion to thereby control the concentration within close limits. Sensing means also monitors the stability of the circulated emulsion, and emulsifier is added, as required, either to the oil to be added or directly to the emulsion to thereby control both the oil concentration in and the stability of the emulsion.

Abstract: A hoist brake with an incremental self adjusting feature. The brake has interdigitated plates which will stop a driven shaft when engaged and allow the shaft to rotate when not engaged. The brake is normally biased into an engaged position and an electromagnet is provided to disengage the brake. A sensing apparatus is provided which measures the gap traversed by a portion of the brake when the brake is activated, the traverse indicating the amount of wear which has taken place since the last adjustment. When the amount of wear is greater than a predetermined amount, the distance between the electromagnet and associated plate on which it acts is incrementally reduced the next time the brake is activated to adjust the gap and insure continued proper performance.

Abstract: A wear indicator for use with a brake having an actuation means. The wear indicator measures the gap between a friction member and the actuation means which is a function of the wear experienced by the friction member.