Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus using plasma capable of efficiently controlling the selectivity ratio of a silicon layer and an oxide layer is provided. The substrate processing apparatus comprises a first space disposed between an electrode and an ion blocker; a second space disposed between the ion blocker and a shower head; a processing space under the shower head for processing a substrate; a first supply hole for providing a first gas for generating plasma to the first space; a second supply hole for providing a second gas to be mixed with an effluent of the plasma to the second space; and a first coating layer formed on a first surface of the shower head facing the second space, not formed on a second surface of the shower head facing the processing space, and containing nickel.

Abstract: An apparatus for predicting a trajectory of a surrounding vehicle includes a storage configured to store a high definition map, a lane Selection Network (LSN), and a Trajectory Prediction Network (TPN) and a controller that extracts lane information around a target vehicle, traveling around a host vehicle, based on the high definition map, inputs the lane information around the target vehicle and previous trajectory information of the target vehicle to the LSN to detect reference lane information, and inputs the reference lane information and the previous trajectory information of the target vehicle to the TPN to acquire future trajectory information of the target vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition, a food composition, and a food additive for the prevention and treatment or improvement of muscle loss, muscle weakness, and muscle atrophy, which contain Enterococcus faecalis, particularly Enterococcus faecalis EF-2001 among others, a culture solution thereof, or a killed body thereof as an active ingredient. Killed Enterococcus faecalis EF-2001 of the present invention exhibits a remarkable treatment effect for muscle loss, muscle weakness, and muscle atrophy by inhibiting the damage to muscle cells induced by oxidative stress, and thus killed lactic acid bacterium Enterococcus faecalis EF-2001 of the present invention or a culture solution thereof can be usefully used as an active ingredient in a pharmaceutical composition, a food composition, and a food additive for prevention of muscle atrophy and sarcopenia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition, a food composition, and a food additive for the prevention and treatment or improvement of muscle loss, muscle weakness, and muscle atrophy, which contain Enterococcus faecalis, particularly Enterococcus faecalis EF-2001 among others, a culture solution thereof, or a killed body thereof as an active ingredient. Killed Enterococcus faecalis EF-2001 of the present invention exhibits a remarkable treatment effect for muscle loss, muscle weakness, and muscle atrophy by inhibiting the damage to muscle cells induced by oxidative stress, and thus killed lactic acid bacterium Enterococcus faecalis EF-2001 of the present invention or a culture solution thereof can be usefully used as an active ingredient in a pharmaceutical composition, a food composition, and a food additive for prevention of muscle atrophy and sarcopenia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for calculating a fatigue usage factor with respect to fatigue generated in the material of a mechanical device depending upon changes of an operation environment during operation of the mechanical device. A fatigue usage factor UOP.cyc,transient n, which is based on the operation-transient state n, is calculated by multiplying a fatigue usage factor based on a design-transient state UDSGN.cyc,transient n by the value of a characteristic fatigue usage factor F (k) as shown in the following equation: UOP.cyc,transient n=F(k)×UDSGN.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for calculating a temperature dependent Green's function using an appropriate weight function. The apparatus includes a material temperature change information input unit inputting change information of a material temperature; and a temperature dependent Green's function calculation unit receiving the change information of the material temperature through the material temperature change information input unit, calculating a temperature dependent Green's function using a weight function, and outputting the calculated result. According to aspects of embodiments, accuracy in the calculation of a thermal stress value can be improved by designing the weight function such that changes in physical properties of a material that change according to temperature changes are considered.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for calculating a fatigue usage factor with respect to fatigue generated in the material of a mechanical device depending upon changes of an operation environment during operation of the mechanical device. A fatigue usage factor UOP.cyc,transient n, which is based on the operation-transient state n, is calculated by multiplying a fatigue usage factor based on a design-transient state UDSGN.cyc,transient n by the value of a characteristic fatigue usage factor F (k) as shown in the following equation: UOP.cyc,transient n=F(k)×UDSGN.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for calculating a temperature dependent Green's function using an appropriate weight function. The apparatus includes a material temperature change information input unit inputting change information of a material temperature; and a temperature dependent Green's function calculation unit receiving the change information of the material temperature through the material temperature change information input unit, calculating a temperature dependent Green's function using a weight function, and outputting the calculated result. According to aspects of embodiments, accuracy in the calculation of a thermal stress value can be improved by designing the weight function such that changes in physical properties of a material that change according to temperature changes are considered.