Abstract: The present disclosure provides a routing structure. The routing structure includes a substrate having a boundary and a first conductive trace configured to be coupled to a first conductive pad disposed within the boundary of the substrate. The first conductive trace is inclined with respect to the boundary of the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for presence service on inter-domain. The apparatus comprises an enhanced inter-domain presence (EIP) module and an enhanced inter-domain presence authorization document (EIPAD) module. When at least a watcher requests a presence subscription to a foreign domain, the EIP module dynamically aggregates the foreign domain presentities for all local watchers having the subscription request, and produces a foreign domain document (FDD). The EIP module also acts as a presence client having the subscription for foreign-domain, and dispatches presence status information. The enhanced inter-domain presence authorization document module resolves the FDD contents, identifies the subscribed foreign-domain presentities, then accesses a corresponding presence authorization document and notifies it to the presence server on the watcher domain.

Abstract: A method for treating presences is performed as follows. A watcher uses “subscribe” in requesting to subscribe presences of contact persons, and the updated presences of the contact persons are transmitted by “notify” to the watchers through a filtering scheme. The filtering scheme is based on GUI display of the watchers, the last accessing time of the contact persons, and/or the auto leave status of the watcher.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for presence service on inter-domain. The apparatus comprises an enhanced inter-domain presence (EIP) module and an enhanced inter-domain presence authorization document (EIPAD) module. When at least a watcher requests a presence subscription to a foreign domain, the EIP module dynamically aggregates the foreign domain presentities for all local watchers having the subscription request, and produces a foreign domain document (FDD). The EIP module also acts as a presence client having the subscription for foreign-domain, and dispatches presence status information. The enhanced inter-domain presence authorization document module resolves the FDD contents, identifies the subscribed foreign-domain presentities, then accesses a corresponding presence authorization document and notifies it to the presence server on the watcher domain.

Abstract: A data driver, an apparatus and a method for reducing power on current thereof are disclosed. The invention is used to reduce the start-up current for the data driver. The data driver includes a high-voltage output circuit. The method comprises at least following steps. First, receiving a charge-sharing enable signal and a data-transfer signal, the data-transfer signal includes a plurality of data-transfer enable signals generated in sequence. There exists an interval between two adjacent data-transfer enable signals. After the charge-sharing enable signal has received at least an interval, a delay charge-sharing enable signal is output. After voltage-level shifted, the voltage of the charge-sharing enable signal is then output as the high-voltage charge-sharing enable signal to start the high-voltage output circuit.

Abstract: A transmission system for network with communication quality indicating capability and the method of the same, which is capable of providing real-time communication quality and display thereof at a station of the system.