Abstract: Exemplary subpixel structures include a directional light-emitting diode structure characterized by a full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) of emitted light having a divergence angle of less than or about 10°. The subpixel structure further includes a lens positioned a first distance from the light-emitting diode structure, where the lens is shaped to focus the emitted light from the light-emitting diode structure. The subpixel structure still further includes a patterned light absorption barrier positioned a second distance from the lens. The patterned light absorption barrier defines an opening in the barrier, and the focal point of the light focused by the lens is positioned within the opening. The subpixels structures may be incorporated into a pixel structure, and pixel structures may be incorporated into a display that is free of a polarizer layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure is generally related to 3D imaging capable OLED displays. A light field display comprises an array of 3D light field pixels, each of which comprises an array of corrugated OLED pixels, a metasurface layer disposed adjacent to the array of 3D light field pixels, and a plurality of median layers disposed between the metasurface layer and the corrugated OLED pixels. Each of the corrugated OLED pixels comprises primary or non-primary color subpixels, and produces a different view of an image through the median layers to the metasurface to form a 3D image. The corrugated OLED pixels combined with a cavity effect reduce a divergence of emitted light to enable effective beam direction manipulation by the metasurface. The metasurface having a higher refractive index and a smaller filling factor enables the deflection and direction of the emitted light from the corrugated OLED pixels to be well controlled.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a MOS transistor includes following. A gate stack structure and a hardmask layer on the gate stack structure are sequentially formed on a substrate. A first spacer is formed on sidewalls of the gate stack structure and the hardmask layer. A photoresist layer is formed on a sidewall of the first spacer. A top surface of the photoresist layer is higher than a top surface of the gate stack structure. The hardmask layer and a portion of the first spacer are removed to expose the top surface of the gate stack structure. A top surface of a remaining first spacer is higher than the top surface of the gate stack structure. The photoresist layer is removed. A second spacer is formed on a sidewall of the remaining first spacer. A top surface of the second spacer is higher than the top surface of the gate stack.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a MOS transistor includes following. A gate stack structure and a hardmask layer on the gate stack structure are sequentially formed on a substrate. A first spacer is formed on sidewalls of the gate stack structure and the hardmask layer. A photoresist layer is formed on a sidewall of the first spacer. A top surface of the photoresist layer is higher than a top surface of the gate stack structure. The hardmask layer and a portion of the first spacer are removed to expose the top surface of the gate stack structure. A top surface of a remaining first spacer is higher than the top surface of the gate stack structure. The photoresist layer is removed. A second spacer is formed on a sidewall of the remaining first spacer. A top surface of the second spacer is higher than the top surface of the gate stack.

Abstract: Scopolamine is a folksy cholinergic antagonist, and is used by parasympathetic nerves in autonomic nervous neurons as an anti-motion sickness drug or an anti-emesis drug. Since the human body most effectively absorbs this drug through the postauricular skin, the drug is administered by postauricular transdermal resorption patch. The penetrability of drug is increase by adding a dermal penetrative enhancer, because the penetration ability of patch-administered drugs is usually decreased by the penetrative blockade at dermal horny layers. The present invention discloses a penetration enhancer to increase dermal absorption and penetration of the cholinergic antagonist. The present invention finds that polyethylene and amide enhance penetration, about 2.2-2.8 fold. In accordance with the present invention, a penetration enhancer is added to the formulations of transdermal patch to increase the human body's absorption of scopolamine.