Abstract: A process is described for the degradation, detoxification and decontamination treatment of contaminated solid or liquid matrices and/or relative functional revalorisation and for their sterilisation, which comprises placing said matrix in contact with at least one saline catalyst and at least one oxidising agent chosen from among percarbonates, perborates or metal peroxides in the presence of a last one energy source chosen from among microwaves (MW), ultrasounds (US) and ultraviolet rays (UV).

Abstract: A description is given of substantially spherical nanosponges which can be obtained by crosslinking cyclodextrins and their by-products with organic carbonates as crosslinkers and ultrasounds without a solvent.

Abstract: Cyclodextrins cross-linked by reaction with organic carbonates and the use thereof as agents capable or removing pollutants from fluids of various origin, in particular from contaminated waters.

Abstract: The plant for the thermal treatment of material, in particular scrap material, comprises at least a reaction zone within a rotary kiln having the longitudinal axis inclined of an angle in the range 0°±45° with regard to an horizontal plane and provided of first heating means and of at least a rotary screw having second heating means. The screw shaft is hollow and has, at least locally, apertures allowing the flow of gas from and/or into the reaction zone, a plurality of thermally conductive particles being movable within the reaction zone.

Abstract: The plant for the thermal treatment of material, in particular scrap material, comprises at least a reaction zone (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) within a rotary kiln (12) having the longitudinal axis inclined of an angle in the range 0°±45° with regard to an horizontal plane and provided of first heating means (14) and of at least a rotary screw (16) having second heating means (18). The screw shaft (20) is hollow and has, at least locally, apertures allowing the flow of gas from and/or into the reaction zone (10, 10a, 10b, 10c), a plurality of thermally conductive particles being movable within the reaction zone (10, 10a, 10b, 10c).

Abstract: The process includes the steps of filling a first reactor (10) with a particulate support (22) comprising a solid matrix to be decontaminated and treated, or a matrix impregnated by a liquid or gaseous matrix to be decontaminated and treated; and introducing at one end (23) of the reactor (10) an oxidative flow triggering a thermoxidation reaction at the opposite end (24) in such a manner that a mobile flame front (26) is generated in the direction opposite (28) to the oxidative flow. The flame front has a temperature of at least 1200.degree. C. so as to substantially decompose or destroy contaminants, undesired substances and compounds initially present in the matrix. Preferably, prior to triggering the thermoxidation reaction, the particulate support (22) is mixed and/or treated with a decontaminating reagent.

Abstract: Halogenated contaminants are decomposed in a fluid and solid by reacting such matrix with a reagent composed of a non-alkali metal, a polyalkyleneglycol/or Nixolens.sup.R and a hydroxide/or alcoholate. Further, this reagent combined with certain solid carriers forms an immobilized decontamination bed to remove halogenated contaminants continuously from a fluid.

Abstract: An immobilized reagent for the decontamination of fluids is described, consisting of a solid, carrier on which there are absorbed (a) polyethylene glycols, (b) alkali or alkaline-earth metal alcoholates.