Abstract: A cover attachment structure includes a sheet-shaped cover member, a base, and a fastener member. The fastener member includes a first element row and a second element row. The base has a recessed groove extending along a surface thereof. Fastener elements of the first element row and the second element row are received in the recessed groove and locked in the recessed groove in a state in which engaging head portions of the fastener elements engage with each other. The recessed groove is configured such that a minimum groove width thereof in a width direction orthogonal to a length direction of the recessed groove is less than 2 times a length, in the width direction, of either one of the fastener elements received in the recessed groove.

Abstract: There is provided a cover-material fixing tool. A cover-material fixing end member is configured to be attached on a cover-material. A clip is configured to be attached on a cover-material fixing end member. The cover-material fixing end member includes a tape member, a clip locking member, and a plurality of stoppers. The clip includes a locking portion for holding the clip locking member to allow the clip locking member to move in a longitudinal direction, and a locking protrusion protruding toward the clip locking member and configured to abut against the stoppers. The clip is movable between the adjacent stoppers to allow position adjustment thereof.

Abstract: Conductive particle 10 has conductive carbon black particle (CB) 11 and cover layer 12. The amount of an insulating resin in conductive particle 10 is from 10 to 50% by mass. The number-average primary particle diameter of CB11 is from 20 to 60 nm; DBP absorption amount is from 100 to 200 mL/100 g. Cover layer 12 is formed by a phase-inversion emulsification method that contains an insulating resin having an amino group and CB11 in an oil phase. Conductive particle 10 is used suitably for a conductive agent of an intermediate transfer belt of an image forming apparatus.

Abstract: There is provided a hook-and-loop fastener manufacturing method. Injection molding is performed to form a molded product in which a pillar group and a base plate having a surface from which the pillar group protrudes are integrated into a unified body. A tip part of the pillar group is cut to form a cut product in which a small pillar group shorter than the pillar group and the base plate are integrated into a unified body. A tip part of the small pillar group is melted to form pillar body portions which are non-melted portions and engaging portions which are melted portions and thicker than the pillar body portions from small pillars. The engaging portions are cooled to determine shapes of a plurality of engaging elements including the pillar body portions and the engaging portions.

Abstract: There is provided a hook-and-loop fastener manufacturing method. Injection molding is performed to form a molded product in which a pillar group and a base plate having a surface from which the pillar group protrudes are integrated into a unified body. A tip part of the pillar group is cut to form a cut product in which a small pillar group shorter than the pillar group and the base plate are integrated into a unified body. A tip part of the small pillar group is melted to form pillar body portions which are non-melted portions and engaging portions which are melted portions and thicker than the pillar body portions from small pillars. The engaging portions are cooled to determine shapes of a plurality of engaging elements including the pillar body portions and the engaging portions.

Abstract: A cover attachment structure includes a sheet-shaped cover member, a base, and a fastener member. The fastener member includes a first element row and a second element row. The base has a recessed groove extending along a surface thereof. Fastener elements of the first element row and the second element row are received in the recessed groove and locked in the recessed groove in a state in which engaging head portions of the fastener elements engage with each other. The recessed groove is configured such that a minimum groove width thereof in a width direction orthogonal to a length direction of the recessed groove is less than 2 times a length, in the width direction, of either one of the fastener elements received in the recessed groove.

Abstract: There is provided a hook-and-loop fastener manufacturing method. Injection molding is performed to form a molded product in which a pillar group and a base plate having a surface from which the pillar group protrudes are integrated into a unified body. A tip part of the pillar group is cut to form a cut product in which a small pillar group shorter than the pillar group and the base plate are integrated into a unified body. A tip part of the small pillar group is melted to form pillar body portions which are non-melted portions and engaging portions which are melted portions and thicker than the pillar body portions from small pillars. The engaging portions are cooled to determine shapes of a plurality of engaging elements including the pillar body portions and the engaging portions.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer belt used for an image forming apparatus of an electrophotographic system includes: an elastic layer; and a surface layer formed on the elastic layer, wherein stress relief time ? [ms] of a material used for the elastic layer and hardness H [MPa] of the surface layer satisfy a first condition that 0.48<?<0.75 and 50<H<6275?3?13820?2+10140??2330 or a second condition that 0.75?? and 50<H<150.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer belt used for an image forming apparatus of an electrophotographic system includes: an elastic layer; and a surface layer formed on the elastic layer, wherein stress relief time ? [ms] of a material used for the elastic layer and hardness H [MPa] of the surface layer satisfy a first condition that 0.48<?<0.75 and 50<H<6275?3?13820?2+10140??2330 or a second condition that 0.75?? and 50<H<150.

Abstract: Conductive particle 10 has conductive carbon black particle (CB) 11 and cover layer 12. The amount of an insulating resin in conductive particle 10 is from 10 to 50% by mass. The number-average primary particle diameter of CB11 is from 20 to 60 nm; DBP absorption amount is from 100 to 200 mL/100 g. Cover layer 12 is formed by a phase-inversion emulsification method that contains an insulating resin having an amino group and CB11 in an oil phase. Conductive particle 10 is used suitably for a conductive agent of an intermediate transfer belt of an image forming apparatus.

Abstract: Processes for producing shikimic acid through extraction from sweetgum, pine and cedar plant tissues and the shikimic acid produced by such processes.

Abstract: Improved methods for producing shikimic acid and the use of sweetgum plant tissues in the production of shikimic acid.