Abstract: A system that includes an energy device having an active region configured to generate or consume electrical energy provided by an electrical current is discussed. A current limiter is disposed between the energy device and a current collector layer. The current limiter controls the current flow between the energy device and the current collector layer. A plurality of electrochemical transistors (ECTs) are arranged in an array such that each ECT in the array provides localized current control for the energy device. Each ECT includes a gate electrode, a drain electrode, a source electrode, and a channel disposed between the drain and the source electrodes. An electrolyte electrically couples the gate electrode to the channel such that an electrical signal at the gate electrode controls electrical conductivity of the channel. The current collector layer is a shared drain or source electrode for the ECTs.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a jet that applies a liquid binder to an application surface and a particle applicator. The particle applicator includes a particle reservoir with at least one movable surface, an electrically controlled actuator that causes vibrations of the movable surface, and a dispersal port though which particles can exit the particle reservoir. A controller is coupled to cause the vibrations via the actuator. The vibrations result in movement of the particles through the dispersal port towards the liquid binder on the application surface.

Abstract: A secured system includes at least one semiconductor chip comprising information processing circuitry. An array of contact pads is disposed on a surface of the chip and is electrically coupled to the information processing circuitry. The secured system includes one or more semiconductor chiplets. Each chiplet comprises at least a portion of at least one hardware trusted platform module that cryptographically secures the information processing circuitry. An array of electrically conductive microsprings is disposed on a surface of the chiplet and is electrically coupled between the hardware trusted platform module and the contact pads.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a jet that applies a liquid binder to an application surface and a particle applicator. The particle applicator includes a particle reservoir with at least one movable surface, an electrically controlled actuator that causes vibrations of the movable surface, and a dispersal port though which particles can exit the particle reservoir. A controller is coupled to cause the vibrations via the actuator. The vibrations result in movement of the particles through the dispersal port towards the liquid binder on the application surface.

Abstract: A system that includes an energy device having an active region configured to generate or consume electrical energy provided by an electrical current is discussed. A current limiter is disposed between the energy device and a current collector layer. The current limiter controls the current flow between the energy device and the current collector layer. A plurality of electrochemical transistors (ECTs) are arranged in an array such that each ECT in the array provides localized current control for the energy device. Each ECT includes a gate electrode, a drain electrode, a source electrode, and a channel disposed between the drain and the source electrodes. An electrolyte electrically couples the gate electrode to the channel such that an electrical signal at the gate electrode controls electrical conductivity of the channel. The current collector layer is a shared drain or source electrode for the ECTs.

Abstract: A system that includes an energy device having an active region configured to generate or consume electrical energy provided by an electrical current is discussed. A current limiter is disposed between the energy device and a current collector layer. The current limiter controls the current flow between the energy device and the current collector layer. A plurality of electrochemical transistors (ECTs) are arranged in an array such that each ECT in the array provides localized current control for the energy device. Each ECT includes a gate electrode, a drain electrode, a source electrode, and a channel disposed between the drain and the source electrodes. An electrolyte electrically couples the gate electrode to the channel such that an electrical signal at the gate electrode controls electrical conductivity of the channel. The current collector layer is a shared drain or source electrode for the ECTs.

Abstract: A tamper detection system includes a detector that measures a value of a parameter for each connection of multiple breakable remakeable connections between first and second components. The system includes an analyzer that compares the measured parameter value for each connection or a representative value derived from measured parameter values of the connections to an expected value. Based on the comparisons, the analyzer determines whether the multiple breakable remakeable connections between the first and second components have been broken and remade.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes a liquid ejector configured to eject liquid droplets towards a medium. A particle delivery device is configured to deliver particles to the medium. The particles are configured to combine with at least some of the liquid droplets and change at least one property of the liquid droplets. The particle delivery device is configured to deliver the particles after or substantially simultaneously as the liquid droplets are ejected. A curing device is configured to cure the combination of the liquid droplets and the particles onto the medium. A controller is configured to independently control the liquid ejector and the particle delivery device.

Abstract: A printing system includes a liquid ejector configured to deposit a curable layer on a surface of a substrate, the layer having a free surface and an interface between the layer and the substrate. A pre-curing device pre-cures the layer such that a first region closer to the free surface is less cured than a second region closer to the interface. The curing device includes a pre-curing initiator source configured to provide a pre-curing initiator that polymerizes the layer. The curing device also includes a pre-curing inhibitor source configured to deliver an inhibitor that inhibits polymerization of the layer. A particle delivery device delivers particles to the layer after the layer is pre-cured.

Abstract: A printing system includes a liquid ejector configured to deposit a curable layer on a surface of a substrate, the layer having a free surface and an interface between the layer and the substrate. A pre-curing device pre-cures the layer such that a first region closer to the free surface is less cured than a second region closer to the interface. The curing device includes a pre-curing initiator source configured to provide a pre-curing initiator that polymerizes the layer. The curing device also includes a pre-curing inhibitor source configured to deliver an inhibitor that inhibits polymerization of the layer. A particle delivery device delivers particles to the layer after the layer is pre-cured.

Abstract: A tamper detection system includes a detector that measures a value of a parameter for each connection of multiple breakable remakeable connections between first and second components. The system includes an analyzer that compares the measured parameter value for each connection or a representative value derived from measured parameter values of the connections to an expected value. Based on the comparisons, the analyzer determines whether the multiple breakable remakeable connections between the first and second components have been broken and remade.

Abstract: An article includes a substrate with at least first and second materials disposed in or over the substrate. The first material is a non-color changeable material of at least one first color and the second material is a thermochromic color changeable material activated to produce at least one second color different from the first color. Additive color mixing of the first and second colors produces at least one third color different from the first and second colors.

Abstract: A system that includes an energy device having an active region configured to generate or consume electrical energy provided by an electrical current is discussed. A current limiter is disposed between the energy device and a current collector layer. The current limiter controls the current flow between the energy device and the current collector layer. A plurality of electrochemical transistors (ECTs) are arranged in an array such that each ECT in the array provides localized current control for the energy device. Each ECT includes a gate electrode, a drain electrode, a source electrode, and a channel disposed between the drain and the source electrodes. An electrolyte electrically couples the gate electrode to the channel such that an electrical signal at the gate electrode controls electrical conductivity of the channel. The current collector layer is a shared drain or source electrode for the ECTs.

Abstract: An article includes a substrate with at least first and second materials disposed in or over the substrate. The first material is a non-color changeable material of at least one first color and the second material is a thermochromic color changeable material activated to produce at least one second color different from the first color. Additive color mixing of the first and second colors produces at least one third color different from the first and second colors.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes a liquid ejector configured to eject liquid droplets towards a medium. A particle delivery device is configured to deliver particles to the medium. The particles are configured to combine with at least some of the liquid droplets and change at least one property of the liquid droplets. The particle delivery device is configured to deliver the particles after or substantially simultaneously as the liquid droplets are ejected. A curing device is configured to cure the combination of the liquid droplets and the particles onto the medium. A controller is configured to independently control the liquid ejector and the particle delivery device.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes a liquid ejector configured to eject liquid droplets towards a medium. A particle delivery device is configured to deliver particles to the medium. The particles are configured to combine with at least some of the liquid droplets and change at least one property of the liquid droplets. The particle delivery device is configured to deliver the particles after or substantially simultaneously as the liquid droplets are ejected. A curing device is configured to cure the combination of the liquid droplets and the particles onto the medium. A controller is configured to independently control the liquid ejector and the particle delivery device.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes a liquid ejector configured to eject liquid droplets towards a medium. A particle delivery device is configured to deliver particles to the medium. The particles are configured to combine with at least some of the liquid droplets and change at least one property of the liquid droplets. The particle delivery device is configured to deliver the particles after or substantially simultaneously as the liquid droplets are ejected. A curing device is configured to cure the combination of the liquid droplets and the particles onto the medium. A controller is configured to independently control the liquid ejector and the particle delivery device.

Abstract: A secured system includes at least one semiconductor chip comprising information processing circuitry. An array of contact pads is disposed on a surface of the chip and is electrically coupled to the information processing circuitry. The secured system includes one or more semiconductor chiplets. Each chiplet comprises at least a portion of at least one hardware trusted platform module that cryptographically secures the information processing circuitry. An array of electrically conductive microsprings is disposed on a surface of the chiplet and is electrically coupled between the hardware trusted platform module and the contact pads.

Abstract: A memory array has a multiplicity of row conductors and a multiplicity of column conductors, the row conductors and column conductors being arranged to cross at cross-points, and has a memory cell disposed at each cross-point, each memory cell having a storage element and a control element coupled in series between a row conductor and a column conductor, and each control element including a silicon-rich insulator. Methods for fabricating the memory array are disclosed.

Abstract: A system comprises a processing chamber for maintaining a hydrogen plasma at low pressure. The processing chamber has a long, wide, thin geometry to favor deposition of thin-film silicon on sheet substrates over the chamber walls. The sheet substrates are moved through between ends. A pair of opposing radio frequency electrodes above and below the workpieces are electrically driven hard to generate a flat, pancaked plasma cloud in the middle spaces of the processing chamber. A collinear series of gas injector jets pointed slightly up on a silane-jet manifold introduce 100% silane gas at high velocity from the side in order to roll the plasma cloud in a coaxial vortex. A second such silane-jet manifold is placed on the opposite side and pointed slightly down to further help roll the plasma and maintain a narrow band of silane concentration.