Abstract: An antenna assembly is disclosed which includes a layered structure having a planar array of antenna elements; and a feed arrangement perpendicular to the antenna elements; the layered structure further having layers over the planar array of antenna elements with holes provided therethrough to allow the feed arrangement to be connected to contacts for the antenna elements. The layered structure may include vias provided such that heat may be applied remotely to the contacts.

Abstract: A dipole array assembly, is disclosed which includes a plurality of poles arranged in a two-dimensional array to provide a plurality of dipoles, each pole being shaped such that adjacent edges of neighbouring poles that are from respective neighbouring dipoles are relatively long and relatively close to each other compared to the dimensions of the poles, thereby increasing coupling between different dipoles. A feed arrangement is provided in a plane that is at an angle to the plane of the dipoles wherein one or more baluns are integrated in the feed arrangement. Dual polarised operation can be performed independently between the two polarisations.

Abstract: An antenna assembly is disclosed which includes a layered structure having a planar array of antenna elements; and a feed arrangement perpendicular to the antenna elements; the layered structure further having layers over the planar array of antenna elements with holes provided therethrough to allow the feed arrangement to be connected to contacts for the antenna elements. The layered structure may include vias provided such that heat may be applied remotely to the contacts.