Abstract: A catalyst-supporting porous film includes: a resin layer; and catalyst particles dispersed in the resin layer. The catalyst particles are unevenly distributed so as to be present at a surface of the resin layer. Preferably, the catalyst-supporting porous film includes a porous section and a supporting section for supporting the porous section. The number of catalyst particles per unit volume in the porous section is greater than the number of catalyst particles per unit volume in the supporting section. Thus, a catalyst-supporting porous film which has a high catalytic effect can be provided.

Abstract: A substrate for use in a display panel includes a transparent substrate and a light blocking layer which includes two layers of different optical densities. A low optical density layer that is one of the two layers of different optical densities which has a lower optical density is interposed between a high optical density layer that is the other one of the two layers which has a higher optical density and the transparent substrate. The sum of the optical density of the low optical density layer and the optical density of the high optical density layer is not less than 3.0. According to the present invention, a substrate which includes a low-reflectance light blocking layer is provided, the substrate being suitably used as a color filter substrate of a display device which has a low reflection structure, such as a low reflection film.

Abstract: A catalyst-supporting porous film includes: a resin layer; and catalyst particles dispersed in the resin layer. The catalyst particles are unevenly distributed so as to be present at a surface of the resin layer. Preferably, the catalyst-supporting porous film includes a porous section and a supporting section for supporting the porous section. The number of catalyst particles per unit volume in the porous section is greater than the number of catalyst particles per unit volume in the supporting section. Thus, a catalyst-supporting porous film which has a high catalytic effect can be provided.

Abstract: At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a display device that is capable of suppressing reflection and temperature increases in a display panel so that a favorable display characteristic is obtained even during outdoor use, and that can be realized by a simple configuration. In at least one example embodiment, the present invention is a display device including: a display panel; and a protective plate disposed further toward a viewing surface side than the display panel, wherein a low reflection film formed with a nanostructure is provided on a main surface of the protective plate on the viewing surface side, and a circularly polarizing plate and an infrared ray shielding film are disposed in sequence from the protective plate side toward the display panel side on a main surface of the protective plate on a side for disposing the display panel.

Abstract: A substrate for use in a display panel includes a transparent substrate and a light blocking layer which includes two layers of different optical densities. A low optical density layer that is one of the two layers of different optical densities which has a lower optical density is interposed between a high optical density layer that is the other one of the two layers which has a higher optical density and the transparent substrate. The sum of the optical density of the low optical density layer and the optical density of the high optical density layer is not less than 3.0. According to the present invention, a substrate which includes a low-reflectance light blocking layer is provided, the substrate being suitably used as a color filter substrate of a display device which has a low reflection structure, such as a low reflection film.

Abstract: A functional film comprises an anti-glare layer and an anti-reflection layer formed on the anti-glare layer. In the functional film, the anti-glare layer comprises a resin component comprising a plurality of resins which phase-separate from each other, the anti-reflection layer has a first surface and a second surface contacting with the anti-glare layer and comprises a low-refractive-index particle and a high-refractive-index particle, and the high-refractive-index particle is localized near the second surface of the anti-reflection layer.

Abstract: An optical film (1) having protrusions and recesses (21A) formed on/in the surface of the film body (20) wherein the distribution of the existence rate of inclination angle ?° of protrusions and recesses (21A) measured by a non-contact three-dimensional micro surface profile measuring system is such that 4°?|?|<5° is 1.0% or less, 5°?|?|<6° is 0.7% or less, and 6°?|?| is 0.1% or less. From the viewpoint of attaining good contrast, maximum existence rate in the distribution of existence rate of the inclination angle ? preferably exists in the range of 0°?|?|?3°. From the viewpoint of attaining high strength, the film body (20) may be fixed onto a polarizing plate (substrate) (30) such that the surface having the protrusions and recesses (21A) is the outside.

Abstract: A functional film comprises a substrate film and a functional layer formed on the substrate film. In the film, the functional layer is a cured layer of a coated layer, the coated layer contains a resin binder comprising a plurality of resins capable of phase separating from each other, a curable resin(s), and a hollow silica particle, and the hollow silica particles accumulate and gather near a side opposite to a side adjacent to the substrate film.

Abstract: An anti-glare film comprises an anti-glare layer, and a low-refraction-index layer formed on at least one surface thereof and comprising a low-refraction-index resin and a hollow silica particle. The film has an internal haze of 0 to 1%, a haze of 5 to 6.5%, a transmitted image clarity of 20 to 30%, and a reflected light of the film has a* of 0.5 to 1.3 and b* of ?2.3 to ?0.5. The particle may have a mean particle diameter of about 50 to 70 nm and a refraction index of about 1.2 to 1.25. The film may have an uneven surface, and the average inclination angle of the surface may be about 0.7 to 1°. The anti-glare layer may comprise plural polymers and have a domain formed by a phase separation, and a difference in refraction index between the polymers may be about 0 to 0.04.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display device of this invention includes a first substrate, a second substrate opposing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and the second substrates, wherein the liquid crystal layer includes a polymer region and a liquid crystal domain surrounded by the polymer region in which liquid crystal molecules are oriented in an axial symmetrical manner, the first substrate includes a dry film having a concave portion on a surface facing the liquid crystal layer, and a symmetric axis in the liquid crystal domain substantially extends through the concave portion and is substantially perpendicular to the first substrate.

Abstract: A plasma addressed liquid crystal display device includes a plasma cell substrate; a counter substrate; and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the plasma cell substrate and the counter substrate, the plasma cell substrate including a first substrate, a dielectric sheet provided on a side of the liquid crystal layer, and a plurality of stripe-shaped discharge channels surrounded by a plurality of partition walls formed in a gap between the first substrate and the dielectric sheet, the counter substrate including a second substrate, and a plurality of stripe-shaped electrodes formed on the second substrate so as to extend perpendicularly to the plurality of stripe-shaped discharge channels, and each of intersection regions of the plurality of discharge channels and the plurality of stripe-shaped electrodes defines a picture-element region, wherein the dielectric sheet includes a sheet-like dielectric, a plurality of conductive portions extending between surfaces of the sheet-like dielectric which respect

Abstract: A method of the present invention for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal region surrounded by a polymer material, includes the steps of: attaching a pair of substrates to each other, each having at least an electrode film; disposing a precursor mixture containing a liquid crystal material, a polymerizable resin material and a polymerization initiator, between the pair of substrate; precipitating a liquid crystal droplet by varying a temperature of the precursor mixture; growing the precipitated liquid crystal droplet; curing the polymerizable resin material at a temperature allowing the liquid crystal droplet to be 80% or more of a pixel in size and to be independently present within a pixel region; and applying an external field across the substrates to pre-tilt the molecules of the liquid crystal droplet.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes a pair of electrode substrates opposing each other, a polymer wall, and a liquid crystal region surrounded by the polymer wall, the polymer wall and the liquid crystal region being sandwiched by the pair of electrode substrates. At least one of a concave portion and a convex portion is formed on a surface of at least one of the pair of electrode substrates facing the liquid crystal region, and liquid crystal molecules are oriented in the liquid crystal region axial-symmetrically around the vicinity of the at least one of concave portion and convex portion as an axis vertical to the electrode substrates.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device including a pair of substrates, at least one of which bears plural areas formed by using a uniform arrangement of surface free energy; a polymeric wall made of a polymeric material formed by polymerizing a polymerizable material, sandwiched between the substrates and formed in part of the plural areas having a first surface free energy; and a plurality of liquid crystal regions made of a liquid crystal material substantially surrounded by the polymeric wall, sandwiched between the substrates, and formed in another part of the plural areas having a second surface free energy. In this liquid crystal display device, positions of the areas having the first surface free energy, the areas having the second surface free energy, the polymeric wall and the liquid crystal region are determined so that the first surface free energy .gamma..sub.P, the second surface free energy .gamma..sub.E, surface free energy .gamma..sub.

Abstract: A display medium layer is sandwiched between a TFT substrate and a counter substrate. In the display medium layer, resin walls are respectively formed in regions other than those where a plurality of segmented electrodes are formed, and liquid crystal portions are respectively formed in regions between the respective resin walls, corresponding to those where the segmented electrodes are formed. Disclination lines are formed on the interfaces between the resin walls and the liquid crystal regions. In a liquid crystal display device, liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal regions are radially oriented and at least one liquid crystal domain is formed in each liquid crystal region.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes a pair of electrode substrates opposing each other, a polymer wall, and a liquid crystal region surrounded by the polymer wall, the polymer wall and the liquid crystal region being sandwiched by the pair of electrode substrates. At least one of a concave portion and a convex portion is formed on a surface of at least one of the pair of electrode substrates facing the liquid crystal region, and liquid crystal molecules are oriented in the liquid crystal region axial-symmetrically around the vicinity of the at least one of concave portion and convex portion as an axis vertical to the electrode substrates.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes: a pair of electrode substrates including a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix shape and an electrode formed on a surface of each electrode substrate, at least one of the surfaces being subjected to a rubbing treatment; a wall-like structure formed between the pair of electrode substrates, the wall-like structure including unit walls, and each unit wall corresponding to one of the plurality of pixels; and a liquid crystal layer at least partially partitioned by the wall-like structure and including liquid crystal regions between the pair of electrode substrates, each liquid crystal region corresponding to one of the plurality of pixels, wherein liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal regions have a plane-symmetrical orientation with respect to a plane taken in the middle of and in parallel to the electrode substrates, the liquid crystal molecules having a bend orientation.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a display medium layer is sandwiched between a TFT substrate and a counter substrate. In the display medium layer, resin walls are respectively formed in regions other than those where a plurality of segmented electrodes are formed, and liquid crystal portions are respectively formed in regions between the respective resin walls, corresponding to those where the segmented electrodes are formed. Disclination lines are formed on the interfaces between the resin walls and the liquid crystal regions. In a liquid crystal display device, liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal regions are radially oriented and at least one liquid crystal domain is formed in each liquid crystal region.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element which includes two opposing electrodes, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between said electrodes, wherein an alignment film for aligning a liquid crystal of said liquid crystal layer in at least three different directions is disposed above a side of said liquid crystal layer of at least one of said electrodes is disclosed.

Abstract: A display medium layer is sandwiched between a TFT substrate and a counter substrate. In the display medium layer, resin walls are respectively formed in regions other than those where a plurality of segmented electrodes are formed, and liquid crystal portions are respectively formed in regions between the respective resin walls, corresponding to those where the segmented electrodes are formed. Disclination lines are formed on the interfaces between the resin walls and the liquid crystal regions. In a liquid crystal display device, liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal regions are radially oriented and at least one liquid crystal domain is formed in each liquid crystal region.