Abstract: X-ray absorption of breast cancers and surrounding healthy tissue can be very similar, a situation that sometimes leads to missed cancers or false-positive diagnoses. To increase the accuracy of tomosynthesis and cancer diagnosis, dynamic X-ray elastography using a novel pulsed X-ray source synchronized to shear waves generated in a sample is described in the present disclosure. This imaging modality provides both absorption and mechanical properties of the imaged sample. A vibration source is used to vibrate the sample while a synchronously pulsed cold cathode X-ray source images the mechanical deformation. The generated stroboscopic images are further used to derive stiffness maps of the sample in addition to the conventional X-ray image.

Abstract: A process for producing a molded material that can form metallic glass material in a state of lower viscosity, and can manufacture a small structure of several 10 ?m or less in a comparatively short time while precisely controlling shape thereof, by the process comprising a heating step of heating supercooled state metallic glass material or a solid metallic glass material at a temperature increase rate of 0.5 K/s to a temperature at or higher than a temperature at which a crystallization process for a supercooled liquid of the metallic glass material begins, and a molding step of transfer molding the metallic glass material until the crystallization process for the supercooled liquid of the metallic glass material has been completed. In addition, the purpose is also to provide the molded material that has been formed by this process, a wavefront control element, and a diffraction grating.

Abstract: A process for producing a molded material that can form metallic glass material in a state of lower viscosity, and can manufacture a small structure of several 10 ?m or less in a comparatively short time while precisely controlling shape thereof, by the process comprising a heating step of heating supercooled state metallic glass material or a solid metallic glass material at a temperature increase rate of 0.5 K/s to a temperature at or higher than a temperature at which a crystallization process for a supercooled liquid of the metallic glass material begins, and a molding step of transfer molding the metallic glass material until the crystallization process for the supercooled liquid of the metallic glass material has been completed. In addition, the purpose is also to provide the molded material that has been formed by this process, a wavefront control element, and a diffraction grating.