Abstract: Composite sampling of a fluid flowing through a conduit includes collecting, in a vessel coupled to the conduit through which the fluid is flowing, a first discrete sample of fluid from the conduit, the first discrete sample having a first selected volume, and collecting, in the vessel and at a first interval from the first sample, a second discrete sample of the fluid from the conduit, the second discrete sample having a second selected volume, thereby forming a composite sample in the vessel while the vessel is coupled to conduit. The composite sample includes the first discrete sample and the second discrete sample, and may include one or more additional discrete samples. An apparatus for collecting the composite sample includes a gas chromatograph, and is arranged such that the composite sample is provided to the gas chromatograph without removing the composite sample from the apparatus or transporting the composite sample.

Abstract: Analyzing a hydrocarbon-containing fluid includes providing a hydrocarbon-containing fluid to a separation system including a cyclone separator, and separating the hydrocarbon-containing fluid into a gas phase sample and a liquid phase sample. The liquid phase sample is separated into an aqueous sample and a non-aqueous sample. The volume of the gas phase sample and of the non-aqueous sample are assessed, and the ratio of the volume of the non-aqueous sample to the volume of the gas phase sample yields the condensate-gas ratio.

Abstract: An apparatus for facilitating use of instruments in hazardous environments includes a fluid line and a fluid-driven generator. The fluid line includes: an inlet to receive a flow of fluid from a fluid source; a first outlet to convey a first portion of the fluid flow to an instrument as a purge gas; and a second outlet to convey a second portion of the fluid flow. The fluid-driven generator is coupled to the second outlet of the fluid line, and converts fluid-stored energy in the second portion of the fluid flow to electrical energy deliverable to the instrument as the second portion of the fluid flow is received from the second outlet.

Abstract: An apparatus for facilitating use of instruments in hazardous environments includes a fluid line and a fluid-driven generator. The fluid line includes: an inlet to receive a flow of fluid from a fluid source; a first outlet to convey a first portion of the fluid flow to an instrument as a purge gas; and a second outlet to convey a second portion of the fluid flow. The fluid-driven generator is coupled to the second outlet of the fluid line, and converts fluid-stored energy in the second portion of the fluid flow to electrical energy deliverable to the instrument as the second portion of the fluid flow is received from the second outlet.

Abstract: Composite sampling of a fluid flowing through a conduit includes collecting, in a vessel coupled to the conduit through which the fluid is flowing, a first discrete sample of fluid from the conduit, the first discrete sample having a first selected volume, and collecting, in the vessel and at a first interval from the first sample, a second discrete sample of the fluid from the conduit, the second discrete sample having a second selected volume, thereby forming a composite sample in the vessel while the vessel is coupled to conduit. The composite sample includes the first discrete sample and the second discrete sample, and may include one or more additional discrete samples. An apparatus for collecting the composite sample includes a gas chromatograph, and is arranged such that the composite sample is provided to the gas chromatograph without removing the composite sample from the apparatus or transporting the composite sample.

Abstract: Analyzing a hydrocarbon-containing fluid includes providing a hydrocarbon-containing fluid to a separation system including a cyclone separator, and separating the hydrocarbon-containing fluid into a gas phase sample and a liquid phase sample. The liquid phase sample is separated into an aqueous sample and a non-aqueous sample. The volume of the gas phase sample and of the non-aqueous sample are assessed, and the ratio of the volume of the non-aqueous sample to the volume of the gas phase sample yields the condensate-gas ratio.

Abstract: Composite sampling of a fluid flowing through a conduit includes collecting, in a vessel coupled to the conduit through which the fluid is flowing, a first discrete sample of fluid from the conduit, the first discrete sample having a first selected volume, and collecting, in the vessel and at a first interval from the first sample, a second discrete sample of the fluid from the conduit, the second discrete sample having a second selected volume, thereby forming a composite sample in the vessel while the vessel is coupled to conduit. The composite sample includes the first discrete sample and the second discrete sample, and may include one or more additional discrete samples. An apparatus for collecting the composite sample includes a gas chromatograph, and is arranged such that the composite sample is provided to the gas chromatograph without removing the composite sample from the apparatus or transporting the composite sample.

Abstract: A self-contained analysis system operable to assess gas to oil ratio (GOR), shrinkage of reservoir fluid, and composition of pressurized reservoir fluids. The analysis system can be used for extended compositional analysis of rich flashed gas and lean gas samples as well as flashed equilibrium liquids, condensates, and black oils. Analysis of the various samples is achieved without cross contamination, for example, between rich flashed gases and lean gases or between extended natural gas and liquids (e.g., black oils and condensates). The system yields accurate results up to and including C20 for gas samples and up to and including C36+ for liquid samples, and entrained water.

Abstract: Processing a reservoir fluid sample includes separating the reservoir fluid sample into a vapor phase stream and a liquid phase stream, assessing a composition of the vapor phase stream, sampling a property of the liquid phase steam, and assessing a volume of a components of the liquid phase stream based at least in part on the sampled property of the liquid phase stream. A system for processing a reservoir fluid sample includes a volumetric receptacle adapted to accept the reservoir fluid sample, a phase separator configured to receive the reservoir fluid sample from the volumetric receptacle and to separate the reservoir fluid sample into a vapor phase stream and a liquid phase stream, a gas chromatograph arranged to receive the vapor phase stream from the phase separator, and a liquid flow meter configured to detect an interface including at least one component of the liquid phase stream.

Abstract: Composite sampling of a fluid flowing through a conduit includes collecting, in a vessel coupled to the conduit through which the fluid is flowing, a first discrete sample of fluid from the conduit, the first discrete sample having a first selected volume, and collecting, in the vessel and at a first interval from the first sample, a second discrete sample of the fluid from the conduit, the second discrete sample having a second selected volume, thereby forming a composite sample in the vessel while the vessel is coupled to conduit. The composite sample includes the first discrete sample and the second discrete sample, and may include one or more additional discrete samples. An apparatus for collecting the composite sample includes a gas chromatograph, and is arranged such that the composite sample is provided to the gas chromatograph without removing the composite sample from the apparatus or transporting the composite sample.

Abstract: A self-contained analysis system operable to assess gas to oil ratio (GOR), shrinkage of reservoir fluid, and composition of pressurized reservoir fluids. The analysis system can be used for extended compositional analysis of rich flashed gas and lean gas samples as well as flashed equilibrium liquids, condensates, and black oils. Analysis of the various samples is achieved without cross contamination, for example, between rich flashed gases and lean gases or between extended natural gas and liquids (e.g., black oils and condensates). The system yields accurate results up to and including C20 for gas samples and up to and including C36+ for liquid samples, and entrained water.

Abstract: Processing a reservoir fluid sample includes separating the reservoir fluid sample into a vapor phase stream and a liquid phase stream, assessing a composition of the vapor phase stream, sampling a property of the liquid phase steam, and assessing a volume of a components of the liquid phase stream based at least in part on the sampled property of the liquid phase stream. A system for processing a reservoir fluid sample includes a volumetric receptacle adapted to accept the reservoir fluid sample, a phase separator configured to receive the reservoir fluid sample from the volumetric receptacle and to separate the reservoir fluid sample into a vapor phase stream and a liquid phase stream, a gas chromatograph arranged to receive the vapor phase stream from the phase separator, and a liquid flow meter configured to detect an interface including at least one component of the liquid phase stream.

Abstract: A method of analyzing a composition including live crude includes separating the composition into a vapor phase and a liquid phase. A composition of the vapor phase is determined with a gas chromatograph. At least a portion of the liquid phase is deposited in a vessel, and a headspace vapor phase is collected from the vessel. A composition of the headspace vapor is determined with the gas chromatograph.

Abstract: A method of analyzing a composition including live crude includes separating the composition into a vapor phase and a liquid phase. A composition of the vapor phase is determined with a gas chromatograph. At least a portion of the liquid phase is deposited in a vessel, and a headspace vapor phase is collected from the vessel. A composition of the headspace vapor is determined with the gas chromatograph.

Abstract: An improved chromatograph valve is provided which may be placed in close proximity to a chromatograph in order to avoid temperature variations in the space therebetween. The valve may include a multiple sample slot rotor movable in a single direction to reduce wear upon the rotor and valve body. The rotor sample slots as well as the pairs of sample and carrier gas ports upon the valve body may be diametrically opposed to allow a superior temperature gradient to be created across the valve, the gradient allowing a sample material to enter the valve in a single phase and exit the valve sufficiently volatilized.

Abstract: An improved chromatograph valve is provided which may be placed in close proximity to a chromatograph in order to avoid temperature variations in the space therebetween. The valve may include a multiple sample slot rotor movable in a single direction to reduce wear upon the rotor and valve body. The rotor sample slots as well as the pairs of sample and carrier gas ports upon the valve body may be diametrically opposed to allow a superior temperature gradient to be created across the valve, the gradient allowing a sample material to enter the valve in a single phase and exit the valve sufficiently volatilized.

Abstract: Preparation of bis-(alpha-alkylbenzyl)ethers or substituted derivatives thereof by reaction at elevated temperature of the corresponding alpha alkylbenzyl alcohols in the presence of an aluminum sulfate treated calcined alumina catalyst, quenching of the catalyst and recovery of the desired ether by distillation following separation of the quenched catalyst, is disclosed. The alkyl methylbenzyl alcohol may be present as a component of an aromatic rich distill and product mixture derived from the ethyl benzene hydroperoxide epoxidation of an olefinically unsaturated compound.

Abstract: Volatile organic compounds, including, in particular, the BTEX group, present in wastewater and groundwater in concentrations of about 1.0 PPM to 100 PPM, may be removed by adsorption onto a polymer coated porous substrate. The substrate is preferably selected from a group consisting of mullite, diatomaceous earth and ground structural brick and fire brick. The polymer coatings may be applied by immersing the substrate in a solution of the polymer or the polymer coating may be generated on the substrate by polymerization of a substrate coated resin. Polystyrene, polypropylene glycol, polymethyl silicone, polyesters and polyurethanes may be used as the coating material. The adsorbent composition may be disposed in a packed column, as a liner for storage pits, as a barrier for surface bodies of water and groundwater flow, and may be regenerated or disposed of by deep well injection.