Abstract: Disclosed is a method of purifying a stream of crude hydrochlorofluoroolefin refrigerant produced by the reaction of 1,1,3,3 tetrachloropropene (R1230za) or 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane (R240fa) with HF. The process includes a step of removing the cis-(Z) isomer by distillation of the crude refrigerant stream prior to a step of reacting the crude refrigerant stream with a base. The reaction with the base is a necessary step in production of the refrigerant and is done to remove HF and residual HCl from the crude refrigerant stream. Removal of the cis-(Z) isomer before the reaction with the base reduces the amount of toxic flammable trifluoropropyne (TFP) that is produced as a side-reaction during the reaction with the base. In addition, temperature control during the reaction with the base is less critical to minimizing the TFP production if the cis-(Z) isomer is first removed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of purifying a stream of crude hydrochlorofluoroolefin refrigerant produced by the reaction of 1,1,3,3 tetrachloropropene (R1230za) or 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane (R240fa) with HF. The process includes a step of removing the cis-(Z) isomer by distillation of the crude refrigerant stream prior to a step of reacting the crude refrigerant stream with a base. The reaction with the base is a necessary step in production of the refrigerant and is done to remove HF and residual HCl from the crude refrigerant stream. Removal of the cis-(Z) isomer before the reaction with the base reduces the amount of toxic flammable trifluoropropyne (TFP) that is produced as a side-reaction during the reaction with the base. In addition, temperature control during the reaction with the base is less critical to minimizing the TFP production if the cis-(Z) isomer is first removed.

Abstract: A transmission line installation system includes a transmission line conveying apparatus that operates to install a transmission line within a conduit by advancing the transmission line through the conduit. The transmission line conveying apparatus includes a plurality of components. The components include local controllers. Communication with the local controllers of the components synchronizes operation of the components during the installation of a transmission line.

Abstract: A transmission line installation system includes a transmission line conveying apparatus that operates to install a transmission line within a conduit by advancing the transmission line through the conduit. The transmission line conveying apparatus includes a plurality of components. The components include local controllers. Communication with the local controllers of the components synchronizes operation of the components during the installation of a transmission line.

Abstract: A rotorcraft includes a flight control computer (FCC), a GPS receiver configured to calculate a groundspeed based on a first carrier signal, and an attitude and heading reference system (AHRS) configured to determine an acceleration of the rotorcraft. The AHRS is operable to receive an indication of the groundspeed from the GPS receiver and to calculate a velocity of the rotorcraft based on the indication of the groundspeed and the acceleration. The FCC is operable to receive an indication of the velocity from the AHRS, to generate the flight control device control signal according to the indication of velocity, and to send a flight control device control signal to one or more flight control devices.

Abstract: A rotorcraft with a fly-by-wire system includes a computing device having control laws. The control laws are operable to engage a stabilization maneuver in response to a perturbation of an otherwise stable operating condition of the rotorcraft, thereby returning the rotorcraft to the stable operating condition without requiring input from the pilot. One or more control laws are further operable to increase or decrease pitch angle, roll angle, yaw rate, or collective pitch angle. In representative aspects, perturbation of the stable operating condition may occur as a result of transient meteorological conditions (e.g., wind shear, wind gust, turbulence) experienced by a rotorcraft engaged in flight operations at airspeeds between 0 knots (e.g., a hover) and about 60 knots. The control laws are further operable to permit the rotorcraft to operate with Instrument Meteorological Conditions (IMC) approval at substantially all airspeeds within a normal flight envelope of the rotorcraft.

Abstract: A rotorcraft includes a flight control computer (FCC), a GPS receiver configured to calculate a groundspeed based on a first carrier signal, and an attitude and heading reference system (AHRS) configured to determine an acceleration of the rotorcraft. The AHRS is operable to receive an indication of the groundspeed from the GPS receiver and to calculate a velocity of the rotorcraft based on the indication of the groundspeed and the acceleration. The FCC is operable to receive an indication of the velocity from the AHRS, to generate the flight control device control signal according to the indication of velocity, and to send a flight control device control signal to one or more flight control devices.

Abstract: A transmission line installation system includes a transmission line conveying apparatus that operates to install a transmission line within a conduit by advancing the transmission line through the conduit. The transmission line conveying apparatus includes a plurality of components. The components include local controllers. Communication with the local controllers of the components synchronizes operation of the components during the installation of a transmission line.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to flight instrument warnings that are configured to automatically adjust a low airspeed warning band on an airspeed indicator based on available torque margin and radar altimeter height. Warnings may be presented on a primary flight display or on flight instruments when a low airspeed band is entered.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to flight instrument warnings that are configured to automatically adjust a low airspeed warning band on an airspeed indicator based on available torque margin and radar altimeter height. Warnings may be presented on a primary flight display or on flight instruments when a low airspeed band is entered.

Abstract: A rotorcraft with a fly-by-wire system includes a computing device having control laws. The control laws are operable to engage a stabilization maneuver in response to a perturbation of an otherwise stable operating condition of the rotorcraft, thereby returning the rotorcraft to the stable operating condition without requiring input from the pilot. One or more control laws are further operable to increase or decrease pitch angle, roll angle, yaw rate, or collective pitch angle. In representative aspects, perturbation of the stable operating condition may occur as a result of transient meteorological conditions (e.g., wind shear, wind gust, turbulence) experienced by a rotorcraft engaged in flight operations at airspeeds between 0 knots (e.g., a hover) and about 60 knots. The control laws are further operable to permit the rotorcraft to operate with Instrument Meteorological Conditions (IMC) approval at substantially all airspeeds within a normal flight envelope of the rotorcraft.

Abstract: The packaging system includes an enclosure having an interior volume. A wafer stack, comprising plural wafers and separators in contact with the wafers, is located in the interior volume. The separators have raised bumps extending from each side. The bumps create spaces that allow air to flow therethrough. The separator film intercepts and captures airborne molecular contaminants belonging to organic and inorganic chemical families. In addition, the film is dissipative to static discharge. Furthermore, the bumps provided by the separators protect the fragile wafers from damage due to mechanical shock. The separators are also provided with a peripheral ring or embossment, which contacts the wafer edges and further protects the wafers from damage to mechanical shock. Air cushions can be provided in the wafer stack, which cushions are provided with bands to regulate the compression.

Abstract: The packaging system includes an enclosure having an interior volume. A wafer stack, comprising plural wafers and separators in contact with the wafers, is located in the interior volume. The separators have raised bumps extending from each side. The bumps create spaces that allow air to flow therethrough. The separator film intercepts and captures airborne molecular contaminants belonging to organic and inorganic chemical families. In addition, the film is dissipative to static discharge. Furthermore, the bumps provided by the separators protect the fragile wafers from damage due to mechanical shock. The separators are also provided with a peripheral ring or embossment, which contacts the wafer edges and further protects the wafers from damage to mechanical shock. Air cushions can be provided in the wafer stack, which cushions are provided with bands to regulate the compression.

Abstract: An inexpensive and disposable dispenser has few parts. The dispenser has a housing with a reservoir of fluid therein. The housing has a valve seat and a valve. The valve is biased in a closed position by resilient spring arms. Each spring arm has a fixed end coupled to the housing and a free end that contacts a rounded or inclined surface of the valve in a location that is offset from a centerline of movement. As the valve moves to an open position, the spring arms flex with the free ends moving apart. When the spring arms straighten and the free ends move closer to each other, the valve is moved to the closed position. The dispenser can be manipulated by a hand or by a massager. A massager imparts vibrations to the valve by way of the housing and the spring arm. The dispenser can be used to work the fluid into an object such as human skin.

Abstract: The packaging system includes an enclosure having an interior volume. A wafer stack, comprising plural wafers and separators in contact with the wafers, is located in the interior volume. The separators have raised bumps extending from each side. The bumps create spaces that allow air to flow therethrough. The separator film intercepts and captures airborne molecular contaminants belonging to organic and inorganic chemical families. In addition, the film is dissipative to static discharge. Furthermore, the bumps provided by the separators protect the fragile wafers from damage due to mechanical shock. The separators are also provided with a peripheral ring or embossment, which contacts the wafer edges and further protects the wafers from damage to mechanical shock. Air cushions can be provided in the wafer stack, which cushions are provided with bands to regulate the compression.

Abstract: A three-dimensional four bar linkage mechanism is described which provides in and out movement of the rear corners of a convertible top as the top is being lowered or extended which allows the storage space for the retracted top to be smaller in width than the width of the foot print of the top when extended. A drag link which is hinged at one end to one bar and connected by a ball joint to a second bar which in turn is obliquely hinged to a third bar provides the three-dimensional action.

Abstract: On-line documentation for an application program resides in a number of help modules. A display file for the application program specifies command panels to be displayed. The command panel definition includes a mapping of screen areas to help modules as well as a designation of an index-sensitive search table. A user may access the on-line documentation either by pressing a function key for context-sensitive help (which displays the help module mapped to current cursor position) or by entering search words in an entry area for index-sensitive help. Index-sensitive help searches a table of synonyms, roots and topics which map to help modules, and lists the modules associated with the search word ordered by number of hits. Each command panel definition may specify a separate index-sensitive search table, permitting customization of the search to the application. The user then selects one or more of the listed modules for display.