Abstract: Provided herein are approaches for controlling an ion beam using an electrostatic filter with curved electrodes. In some embodiments, a system may include an electrostatic filter receiving an ion beam, the filter including first and second electrodes disposed opposite sides of an ion beam line, each of the first and second electrodes having a central region between first and second ends, wherein a distance between a first outer surface of the first electrode and a second outer surface of the second electrode varies along an electrode length axis extending between the first and second ends. The system may further include a power supply in communication with the electrostatic filter, the power supply operable to supply a voltage and a current to the first and second electrodes, wherein the variable distance between the first and second outer surfaces causes the ion beam to converge or diverge.

Abstract: A foldable apparatus for transporting filled plastic grocery bags in an upright position during transport to alleviate spilling. The foldable apparatus is provided with a foldable platform that folds or pivots in relation to a bag positioning member to configure the apparatus in an open position for receiving and holding filled plastic grocery bags and a closed position to configure the apparatus for storage. Bag retaining ends are provided in the upper section of the bag positioning member to receive and hold the loop handles of plastic grocery bags.