Abstract: In a method of manufacturing an attenuated phase shift mask, a photo resist pattern is formed over a mask blank. The mask blank includes a transparent substrate, an etch stop layer on the transparent substrate, a phase shift material layer on the etch stop layer, a hard mask layer on the phase shift material layer and an intermediate layer on the hard mask layer. The intermediate layer is patterned by using the photo resist pattern as an etching mask, the hard mask layer is patterned by using the patterned intermediate layer as an etching mask, and the phase shift material layer is patterned by using the patterned hard mask layer as an etching mask. The intermediate layer includes at least one of a transition metal, a transition metal alloy, or a silicon containing material, and the hard mask layer is made of a different material than the intermediate layer.

Abstract: A baseband system includes: an estimation and compensation circuit estimating frequency-independent non-ideal effects based on an original IQ signal pair, and compensating the original IQ signal pair based on a result of the estimation to obtain a compensated IQ signal pair; a channel estimation and equalization circuit performing channel estimation and equalization based on the compensated IQ signal pair to obtain an equalized IQ signal pair; and a tracking and compensation circuit obtaining a result of tracking of residual quantities of the aforesaid non-ideal effects based on the equalized IQ signal pair, and compensating the equalized IQ signal pair based on the result of the tracking to obtain an output IQ signal pair.

Abstract: A communication system includes a baseband circuit, a transmitting end circuit, and a receiving end circuit is disclosed. The transmitting end circuit includes a digital analog conversion circuit and a transmitting end filtering circuit. The receiving end circuit includes a receiving end amplifying circuit, a receiving end filtering circuit, and an analog digital conversion circuit. A first data signal is transmitted to the analog digital conversion circuit through the digital analog conversion circuit and the transmitting end filtering circuit, so that the baseband circuit obtains a first compensation parameter. A second data signal is transmitted to the receiving end filtering circuit, the receiving end amplifying circuit and the analog digital conversion circuit through the digital analog conversion circuit and the transmitting end filtering circuit, so that the baseband circuit obtains a second compensation parameter.

Abstract: A baseband system includes: an estimation and compensation circuit estimating frequency-independent non-ideal effects based on an original IQ signal pair, and compensating the original IQ signal pair based on a result of the estimation to obtain a compensated IQ signal pair; a channel estimation and equalization circuit performing channel estimation and equalization based on the compensated IQ signal pair to obtain an equalized IQ signal pair; and a tracking and compensation circuit obtaining a result of tracking of residual quantities of the aforesaid non-ideal effects based on the equalized IQ signal pair, and compensating the equalized IQ signal pair based on the result of the tracking to obtain an output IQ signal pair.

Abstract: A communication system includes a baseband circuit, a transmitting end circuit, and a receiving end circuit is disclosed. The transmitting end circuit includes a digital analog conversion circuit and a transmitting end filtering circuit. The receiving end circuit includes a receiving end amplifying circuit, a receiving end filtering circuit, and an analog digital conversion circuit. A first data signal is transmitted to the analog digital conversion circuit through the digital analog conversion circuit and the transmitting end filtering circuit, so that the baseband circuit obtains a first compensation parameter. A second data signal is transmitted to the receiving end filtering circuit, the receiving end amplifying circuit and the analog digital conversion circuit through the digital analog conversion circuit and the transmitting end filtering circuit, so that the baseband circuit obtains a second compensation parameter.

Abstract: A light sensor, for sensing an illumination of a partial area, includes a first case, a second case, a first light absorption layer and at least one sensing module. The first case includes at least one hole. The at least one hole includes an axis. The second case is fastened to the first case, and a containing space is formed between the first case and the second case. The first light absorption layer is located on the first case. The at least one sensing module is located in the containing space, and the position of the at least one sensing module is located on the axis of the hole. The at least one sensing module is used for sensing the light from the partial area which passes through the hole to obtain the illumination of the partial area.

Abstract: A real-time lighting control system of an ecosystem and real-time lighting control method includes a computer device, multiple lighting devices and multiple wireless base stations. The lighting devices and the wireless base stations are arranged in multiple lighting regions of an indoor space. Each wireless base station emits a wireless signal continuously, and controls one or more connected lighting devices when receiving a lighting control signal. The computer device senses the wireless signals continuously, and keeps determining its position at the different time points according to the received wireless signals and the arranged positions of the wireless base stations. Next, the computer selects one of the lighting regions according to space information and the determined positions, and sends the lighting control signal to one of the wireless base stations arranged in the selected lighting region.

Abstract: A real-time lighting control system of an ecosystem and real-time lighting control method includes a computer device, multiple lighting devices and multiple wireless base stations. The lighting devices and the wireless base stations are arranged in multiple lighting regions of an indoor space. Each wireless base station emits a wireless signal continuously, and controls one or more connected lighting devices when receiving a lighting control signal. The computer device senses the wireless signals continuously, and keeps determining its position at the different time points according to the received wireless signals and the arranged positions of the wireless base stations. Next, the computer selects one of the lighting regions according to space information and the determined positions, and sends the lighting control signal to one of the wireless base stations arranged in the selected lighting region.

Abstract: A light sensor for sensing an illumination of a partial area is disclosed. The light sensor includes a first case, a second case, a first light absorption layer and at least one sensing module. The first case includes at least one hole. The at least one hole includes an axis. The second case is fastened to the first case, and a containing space is formed between the first case and the second case. The first light absorption layer is located on the first case. The at least one sensing module is located in the containing space, and the position of the at least one sensing module is located on the axis of the hole. The at least one sensing module is used for sensing the light from the partial area which passes through the hole so as to obtain the illumination of the partial area.