Abstract: A sample and hold scheme for temperature measurements for non-volatile memory can enable significant reduction in temperature readout latency. In one example thermometer circuits are enabled at a refresh rate to cause the temperature to be sensed and latched at regular intervals. By performing the temperature readings in the background at a refresh rate instead of on-demand, the temperature is available to service commands with almost no latency.

Abstract: An optical structure includes an input waveguide, a beam splitter, a first arm, a second arm, a beam combiner, and an output waveguide. The first arm and the second arm each include a conventional waveguide region and a modulation waveguide region. The modulation waveguide region of the first arm includes a first modulation waveguide region and a second modulation waveguide region. The modulation waveguide region of the second arm includes a third modulation waveguide region and a fourth modulation waveguide region. The electrical structure includes a traveling wave electrode including a ground-signal-signal-ground electrode structure. The traveling wave electrode includes a signal input region, a modulation electrode region, and a matching resistor region. The modulation electrode region includes a first modulation electrode region and a second modulation electrode region. The first modulation electrode region is connected to the second modulation electrode region.

Abstract: The disclosure provides, inter alia, breast cancer biomarkers, methods of detecting exhausted CD8+ T cells in breast cancer patients, methods of detecting CD26+CD4+ T cells in breast cancer patients, methods of treating breast cancer patients, and methods of identifying risk outcomes for breast cancer patients.

Abstract: An electro-optic modulator includes an optical structure and an electrical structure. The optical structure includes an input waveguide, a beam splitter, a first waveguide arm, a second waveguide arm, a beam combiner, and an output waveguide; each of the first waveguide arm and the second waveguide arm includes a conventional waveguide region. The first waveguide arm further includes a first modulating region, a second modulating region, and a third modulating region. The second waveguide arm further includes a fourth modulating region, a fifth modulating region, and a sixth modulating region; the electrical structure includes a traveling wave electrode including a signal-ground-signal electrode structure. The traveling wave electrode further includes a signal input region, a modulating electrode region, and a matched resistor region. The modulating electrode region includes a first signal electrode, a ground electrode, and a second signal electrode.

Abstract: A hybrid integration method includes: assembling a motherboard chip, assembling a daughterboard chip, and assembling an integrated chip. The motherboard chip includes a motherboard chip body, a first metal region, a first vertical support assembly, and a first waveguide region arranged on the motherboard chip body, and the first waveguide region includes a first conventional waveguide region and a first coupling waveguide region used for vertical coupling which are fixedly connected to each other; the daughterboard chip includes a daughterboard chip body, a second metal region, a second vertical support assembly and a second waveguide region arranged on the daughterboard chip body, and the second waveguide region includes a second conventional waveguide region and a second coupling waveguide region used for vertical coupling which are fixedly connected to each other.

Abstract: An optically pumped on-chip solid-state laser includes a solid gain media substrate and a laser generating structure disposed above the solid gain media substrate. The laser generating structure includes a resonator, a pump light input structure, and a laser light output structure; and the resonator is disposed between the pump light input structure and the laser light output structure, and is propped against or is in clearance fit with the solid gain media substrate.

Abstract: A surface-emitting laser, which is a ridge waveguide structure, including: a substrate, a first cladding layer, an active layer, a conductive layer, a second cladding layer; the Bragg gratings is etched on the surface of the ridge waveguide; the two upper electrodes are disposed on both sides of the ridge waveguide; two grooves are formed between the ridge waveguide and each of the two upper electrodes; the first waveguide cladding layer includes one or more current confinement regions; or a buried tunnel junction is formed in the second cladding layer for limiting current. The Bragg gratings comprise two first-order gratings and one second-order grating placed between two first-order gratings.

Abstract: A two-dimensional optical phased array, including a first phased array and a second phased array disposed on the first phased array. The first phased array includes an optical coupler, a beam splitter, a plurality of phase shifters, and a plurality of light-emitting units. The second phased array includes a strip transparent electrode array, a phase shifting medium, and a transparent electrode disposed on the phase shifting medium. The strip transparent electrode array is disposed on the light-emitting units. The phase shifting medium is disposed on the strip transparent electrode array. The light-emitting units is configured to produce a laser beam which is incident to the second phased array via the strip transparent electrode array and emitted via the transparent electrode on the phase shifting medium.

Abstract: A two-dimensional optical phased array, including a first phased array and a second phased array disposed on the first phased array. The first phased array includes an optical coupler, a beam splitter, a plurality of phase shifters, and a plurality of light-emitting units. The second phased array includes a strip transparent electrode array, a phase shifting medium, and a transparent electrode disposed on the phase shifting medium. The strip transparent electrode array is disposed on the light-emitting units. The phase shifting medium is disposed on the strip transparent electrode array. The light-emitting units is configured to produce a laser beam which is incident to the second phased array via the strip transparent electrode array and emitted via the transparent electrode on the phase shifting medium.

Abstract: A surface-emitting laser, which is a ridge waveguide structure, including: a substrate, a first cladding layer, an active layer, a conductive layer, a second cladding layer; the Bragg gratings is etched on the surface of the ridge waveguide; the two upper electrodes are disposed on both sides of the ridge waveguide; two grooves are formed between the ridge waveguide and each of the two upper electrodes; the first waveguide cladding layer includes one or more current confinement regions; or a buried tunnel junction is formed in the second cladding layer for limiting current. The Bragg gratings comprise two first-order gratings and one second-order grating placed between two first-order gratings.

Abstract: A distributed feedback laser, including: a ridge waveguide; two upper electrodes disposed on two sides of the ridge waveguide, respectively; two lower electrodes disposed on two sides of the upper electrodes, respectively; a substrate; a second waveguide cladding layer; an active layer; and a first waveguide cladding layer. The first waveguide cladding layer is n-doped and includes a conductive layer and a refractive layer disposed on the conductive layer. The refractive index of the refractive layer is greater than the refractive index of the active layer. The ridge waveguide includes a ridge region formed by a middle part of the refractive layer. The ridge region includes a surface provided with Bragg gratings. Two grooves are formed between the ridge waveguide and the upper electrodes. The conductive layer is connected to the upper electrodes. The second waveguide cladding layer includes one or more current restricted areas.

Abstract: A distributed feedback laser, including: a ridge waveguide; two upper electrodes disposed on two sides of the ridge waveguide, respectively; two lower electrodes disposed on two sides of the upper electrodes, respectively; a substrate; a second waveguide cladding layer; an active layer; and a first waveguide cladding layer. The first waveguide cladding layer is n-doped and includes a conductive layer and a refractive layer disposed on the conductive layer. The refractive index of the refractive layer is greater than the refractive index of the active layer. The ridge waveguide includes a ridge region formed by a middle part of the refractive layer. The ridge region includes a surface provided with Bragg gratings. Two grooves are formed between the ridge waveguide and the upper electrodes. The conductive layer is connected to the upper electrodes. The second waveguide cladding layer includes one or more current restricted areas.

Abstract: A scroll compressor (10), comprising a fixed scroll (150), a movable scroll (160) and a drive shaft (30); the scroll compressor (10) further comprises a movable scroll counterweight (40); the movable scroll counterweight (40) is configured to rotate with the drive shaft (30); and the centrifugal force of the movable scroll counterweight (40) caused by the rotation acts on the hub (162) of the movable scroll (160). The above structure can effectively reduce the impact of the centrifugal force of the movable scroll on the radial seal of a scroll component, thus achieving proper radial sealing force between the fixed scroll and the movable scroll at any rotating speed.

Abstract: A tunable laser, including: a gain section configured to provide an optical gain for lasing; a multi-channel splitter section configured to split an input signal into multiple outputs; and a multi-channel reflection section, the multi-channel reflection section including multiple arms of unequal lengths and configured to provide an optical feedback and a mode selection function for the laser to work. The gain section, the multi-channel splitter section, and the multi-channel reflection section are sequentially connected in that order. The facet of the gain section away from the multi-channel splitter section is an optical output facet of the laser. When arranging the multiple arms of the multi-channel reflection section in an order according to their lengths, length difference between adjacent arms are unequal. Facets of the multiple arms away from the multi-channel splitter section are coated with reflection films.

Abstract: A distributed feedback laser, including: an output end including an active region including a grating including a ?/4 phase-shift region; and a non-output end including a reflecting region including a grating with uniform period. The length of the active region is smaller than or equal to 200 ?m. The end facet of the output end of the laser is coated with an anti-reflection film.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments or implementations are disclosed of systems for providing heat for use inside a structure and control apparatus and methods relating to material drying systems. In an exemplary embodiment, a control apparatus for controlling heat and/or humidity inside a structure selects one or more heat sources from a plurality of heterogeneous heat sources. The heat sources include a heat storage reservoir and a heat pump system between which heat is selectively transferrable via a fluid of the heat storage reservoir and a refrigerant of the heat pump system. The selecting is performed based on sensor input(s). The control apparatus controls the selected heat source(s) to provide heat inside the structure.

Abstract: A tunable laser, including: a gain section configured to provide an optical gain for lasing; a multi-channel splitter section configured to split an input signal into multiple outputs; and a multi-channel reflection section, the multi-channel reflection section including multiple arms of unequal lengths and configured to provide an optical feedback and a mode selection function for the laser to work. The gain section, the multi-channel splitter section, and the multi-channel reflection section are sequentially connected in that order. The facet of the gain section away from the multi-channel splitter section is an optical output facet of the laser. When arranging the multiple arms of the multi-channel reflection section in an order according to their lengths, length difference between adjacent arms are unequal. Facets of the multiple arms away from the multi-channel splitter section are coated with reflection films.

Abstract: A compressor may include a shell, a compression mechanism, a crankshaft, a bearing support, and a lubricant sump. The compression mechanism may be disposed in the shell and may compress a working fluid. The crankshaft may be disposed at least partially in the shell and may drivingly engage the compression mechanism. The bearing support may rotatably support the crankshaft. The lubricant sump may retain a volume of lubricant and may be disposed between the bearing support and the compression mechanism.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments or implementations are disclosed of systems for providing heat for use inside a structure and control apparatus and methods relating to material drying systems. In an exemplary embodiment, a control apparatus for controlling heat and/or humidity inside a structure selects one or more heat sources from a plurality of heterogeneous heat sources. The heat sources include a heat storage reservoir and a heat pump system between which heat is selectively transferrable via a fluid of the heat storage reservoir and a refrigerant of the heat pump system. The selecting is performed based on sensor input(s). The control apparatus controls the selected heat source(s) to provide heat inside the structure.

Abstract: A scroll compressor (10), comprising a fixed scroll (150), a movable scroll (160) and a drive shaft (30); the scroll compressor (10) further comprises a movable scroll counterweight (40); the movable scroll counterweight (40) is configured to rotate with the drive shaft (30); and the centrifugal force of the movable scroll counterweight (40) caused by the rotation acts on the hub (162) of the movable scroll (160). The above structure can effectively reduce the impact of the centrifugal force of the movable scroll on the radial seal of a scroll component, thus achieving proper radial sealing force between the fixed scroll and the movable scroll at any rotating speed.