Abstract: An example device for encoding high dynamic range (HDR) video data includes a memory configured to store video data; and one or more processors implemented in circuitry and configured to: calculate a histogram for an image of the video data, the image being expressed in a linear light format; encode values for the histogram of the image expressed in the linear light format; and encode the image. Data for the histogram may be expressed in an array of variables having a size of 210×18 bits. The device may encode codewords representing values for bins of the histogram, where the codewords may be selected from a set of codewords for a PQ10 format for HDR images. The bins of the histogram may represent non-equal width ranges.

Abstract: A method of encoding video data includes determining an integer sample in a reference picture of the video data; determining, based on the integer sample, at least a first fractional sample and a second fractional sample, wherein the first fractional sample has a first fractional pel resolution, and the second fractional sample has a second fractional pel resolution different from the first fractional pel resolution; subsequent to determining both the first fractional sample and the second fractional sample, determining a first cost metric associated with the first fractional sample and a second cost metric associated with the second fractional sample; determining a reference block for a current block based on at least one of the first cost metric or the second cost metric; and encoding the current block based on the reference block.

Abstract: An example device for encoding high dynamic range (HDR) video data includes a memory configured to store video data; and one or more processors implemented in circuitry and configured to: calculate a histogram for an image of the video data, the image being expressed in a linear light format; encode values for the histogram of the image expressed in the linear light format; and encode the image. Data for the histogram may be expressed in an array of variables having a size of 210×18 bits. The device may encode codewords representing values for bins of the histogram, where the codewords may be selected from a set of codewords for a PQ10 format for HDR images. The bins of the histogram may represent non-equal width ranges.

Abstract: A sensor element including a first supporting layer, a second supporting layer, and a strain gauge is provided. The first supporting layer has a first supporting surface. The second support layer has a second supporting surface. The second supporting layer is connected to the first supporting layer. The Young's modulus of the first supporting layer is greater than the Young's modulus of the second supporting layer. The strain gauge has a sensing area. The sensing area covers at least a portion of the first supporting surface and at least a portion of the second supporting surface. Furthermore, an electronic device including the sensor element is provided.

Abstract: A sensor element including a first supporting layer, a second supporting layer, and a strain gauge is provided. The first supporting layer has a first supporting surface. The second support layer has a second supporting surface. The second supporting layer is connected to the first supporting layer. The Young's modulus of the first supporting layer is greater than the Young's modulus of the second supporting layer. The strain gauge has a sensing area. The sensing area covers at least a portion of the first supporting surface and at least a portion of the second supporting surface. Furthermore, an electronic device including the sensor element is provided.

Abstract: A handling device is used for handling a substrate. The handling device includes a holder, a moving element, at least one first adhesive chuck, and at least one second adhesive chuck. The moving element is located adjacent to the holder for moving relative to the holder along a first axial direction. The first adhesive chuck is located on a first surface of the holder and the second adhesive chuck is located on a first surface of the moving element, in which the first adhesive chuck and the second adhesive chuck are used to be respectively separated from the substrate adhered thereon. In addition, another embodiment of the invention discloses a handing method of the handing device.

Abstract: A handling device is used for handling a substrate. The handling device includes a holder, a moving element, at least one first adhesive chuck, and at least one second adhesive chuck. The moving element is located adjacent to the holder for moving relative to the holder along a first axial direction. The first adhesive chuck is located on a first surface of the holder and the second adhesive chuck is located on a first surface of the moving element, in which the first adhesive chuck and the second adhesive chuck are used to be respectively separated from the substrate adhered thereon. In addition, another embodiment of the invention discloses a handing method of the handing device.

Abstract: A fluid reactor having a thin film with two-dimensionally distributed micro-resistor units includes one flow way, separating ribs, a thin film which is thinner than 100 micrometer, and a catalytic layer. There are multiple micro-resistor units, which is thinner than 60 micrometer each, set on the thin film. A bi-directional control unit is disposed to control these multiple micro-resistor units to shift to a desired mode selected from detecting electrical resistance, voltage, current, temperature, flow speed, and/or heat-up functions at different time. It can be applied to different kinds of fuel cells with different flow-way patterns. Its micro-resistor units have bi-directional functions. It can detect flow speed at a desired location in the flow way. It would not influence its original flow field and structure. Plus, it is easy to be installed.