Abstract: The invention relates to precision measurement technology, specifically a high-sensitivity three-dimensional topography recovery method using dual-channel differentiation. Enhancing a traditional microscopic imaging system, a beam splitter is added between the objective lens and tube lens. This creates an additional light path equipped with a tube lens and camera identical to the original but with a slightly different distance to the camera. During axial scanning of the object, focusing evaluation function curves for each pixel are calculated from images captured by both cameras. The curves from the two cameras show more significant changes near the optimal focusing depth, improving system sensitivity. This method enhances sensitivity by hardware-fixed differentiation of the focusing evaluation function, while maintaining high scanning efficiency and flexible configuration.

Abstract: The invention relates to precision measurement technology, specifically a high-sensitivity three-dimensional topography recovery method using dual-channel differentiation. Enhancing a traditional microscopic imaging system, a beam splitter is added between the objective lens and tube lens. This creates an additional light path equipped with a tube lens and camera identical to the original but with a slightly different distance to the camera. During axial scanning of the object, focusing evaluation function curves for each pixel are calculated from images captured by both cameras. The curves from the two cameras show more significant changes near the optimal focusing depth, improving system sensitivity. This method enhances sensitivity by hardware-fixed differentiation of the focusing evaluation function, while maintaining high scanning efficiency and flexible configuration.

Abstract: Pigment compositions are described that advantageously increase total solar reflectance. Also described are methods of making pigment compositions. The pigment compositions can contain copper oxide; copper antimony oxides, copper bismuth oxides, or combinations thereof; and alkaline earth metal oxides, early-transition metal oxides, post-transition metal oxides, metalloid (semi-metal) oxides, rare-earth metal oxides, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: 2-Aminopropane is used as the amine donor in the stereoselective synthesis of a chiral amine from a ketone with a transaminase. In a typical embodiment, (S)-1-methoxy-2-aminopropane is prepared by bringing methoxyacetone into contact with a transaminase in the presence of 2-aminopropane as an amine donor until a substantial amount of methoxyacetone is converted to (S)-1-methoxy-2-aminopropane and 2-aminopropane is converted to acetone. In a second embodiment, L-alanine is prepared by bringing pyruvic acid into contact with a transaminase in the presence of 2-aminopropane as an amine donor.