Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing pipelines with heat-storing properties, in which a) organic polyisocyanate is mixed with b) at least one polymeric compound having at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms, c) optionally chain extender and/or crosslinker, d) catalyst, e) wax and f) optionally other assistants and/or additives, to give a first reaction mixture, and the first reaction mixture is applied to a pipe and allowed to react fully to give a first polyurethane layer. The present invention further relates to a pipeline with heat-storing properties obtainable by such a process.

Abstract: A method for optimizing the configuration of a distributed CCHP system is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing pipelines with heat-storing properties, in which a) organic polyisocyanate is mixed with b) at least one polymeric compound having at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms, c) optionally chain extender and/or crosslinker, d) catalyst, e) wax and f) optionally other assistants and/or additives, to give a first reaction mixture, and the first reaction mixture is applied to a pipe and allowed to react fully to give a first polyurethane layer. The present invention further relates to a pipeline with heat-storing properties obtainable by such a process.

Abstract: Process for preparing salts of the formula I (B+)nxAy? where B is a cation comprising at least one nitrogen atom, A is an anion and n is an integer from 1 to 3, x and y are each an integer from 1 to 3 and the product of x and y is equal to n, by reacting salts of the formula II (B+)nxCy? where B and n, x and y are as defined above and C is a compound which has one or more carboxylate groups (referred to as carboxylate for short) and is different from A, with the ammonium salt of the anion A or with the protic acid of the anion A in the presence of ammonia.

Abstract: A method of distilling mixtures of salts having a melting point of less than 200° C. at 1 bar (ionic liquids). The cation of the ionic liquid has a heterocyclic ring system having at least one nitrogen atom, and all nitrogen atoms of the heterocyclic ring system have an organic group as substituent. The anion of the ionic liquid is a compound having at least one carboxylate group or at least one phosphate group. The distance from the surface via which the heat of distillation is introduced in the distillation (vaporizer surface) to the surface at which condensation takes place (condenser surface) is less than 50 cm at at least one point, with the vaporizer surface and condenser surface themselves having at least one length dimension of greater than 50 cm.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for the degradation of cellulose by dissolving the cellulose in an ionic liquid and treating it with an acid, if appropriate with addition of water.

Abstract: Method of distilling mixtures comprising salts having a melting point of less than 200° C. at 1 bar (ionic liquids), wherein the cation of the ionic liquid comprises a heterocyclic ring system having at least one nitrogen atom and all nitrogen atoms of the heterocyclic ring system have an organic group as substituent, the anion of the ionic liquid is a compound having at least one carboxylate group (carboxylate for short) or at least one phosphate group (phosphate for short) and the distance from the surface via which the heat of distillation is introduced in the distillation (vaporizer surface) to the surface at which condensation takes place (condenser surface) is less than 50 cm at least one point, with the vaporizer surface and condenser surface themselves having at least one length dimension of greater than 50 cm.

Abstract: Process for preparing salts of the formula I (B+)nxAy? where B is a cation comprising at least one nitrogen atom, A is an anion and n is an integer from 1 to 3, x and y are each an integer from 1 to 3 and the product of x and y is equal to n, by reacting salts of the formula II (B+)nxAy? where B and n, x and y are as defined above and C is a compound which has one or more carboxylate groups (referred to as carboxylate for short) and is different from A, with the ammonium salt of the anion A or with the protic acid of the anion A in the presence of ammonia.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for acylating polysaccharides, oligosaccharides or disaccharides or derivatives thereof by dissolving these in an ionic liquid and reacting them with a ketene, and also novel acylated polysaccharides, oligosaccharides or disaccharides or derivatives thereof.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for silylating polysaccharides, oligosaccharides or disaccharides or derivatives thereof by dissolving these in an ionic liquid and reacting them with a silylating agent.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for preparing acetals of polysaccharides, oligosaccharides or disaccharides by dissolving these in at least one ionic liquid and reacting them with a vinyl ether. The acetalated polysaccharides or oligosaccharides obtained in this way can be crosslinked by treatment with acid. The present invention also provides acetals of polysaccharides, oligosaccharides or disaccharides and also crosslinked polysaccharides or oligosaccharides.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for acylating polysaccharides or oligosaccharides, which comprises dissolving a polysaccharide or oligosaccharide in at least one ionic liquid and, in step A) treating the solution with at least one acid, if appropriate with addition of water, (step A1) or, if appropriate with addition of water, at elevated temperature (step A2) and, in step B) reacting the polysaccharide or oligosaccharide obtained in this way, whose DP is lower than that of the polysaccharide or oligosaccharide used, with an acylating agent.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for the degradation of cellulose by dissolving the cellulose in an ionic liquid and treating it with an acid, if appropriate with addition of water.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for the degradation of cellulose by dissolving the cellulose in an ionic liquid and treating it at elevated temperature, if appropriate in the presence of water.