Abstract: A purge port assembly for a wafer container includes a purge module configured to allow inlet flow of purge gas and a transition portion disposed over an intermediate outlet of the purge module. The transition portion includes a receiver configured to receive the purge gas discharged from the purge module, an outlet connector configured to attach with a diffuser, and an intermediate conduit. The intermediate conduit connects the receiver to the outlet connector and extends from the receiver at an acute angle relative to an axis of the inlet opening of the receiver. The intermediate conduit has a length that spaces apart the outlet connector from the receiver. A wafer container includes a shell and a purge port assembly. The shell includes an interior space. The purge port assembly extends through an opening in the shell into the interior space.

Abstract: A resonant converter switching between different operational state modes is provided. The resonant converter includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a control circuit, a resonant circuit, a transformer and an output stage circuit. A first terminal of the first transistor and a second terminal of the second transistor are connected to positive and negative terminals of an input voltage source, respectively. A first terminal of the second transistor is connected to a second terminal of the first transistor. The resonant circuit is connected to the second terminal of the first transistor and the transformer. The transformer is connected to a load through the output stage circuit. The control circuit modulates frequencies or duty cycles of conduction time control signals that are outputted to the first and second transistors to different values for switching the resonant converter between the operational state modes.

Abstract: During operation, an access point may provide a first WLAN and a second WLAN, where the first WLAN uses a WPA2-compatible authentication protocol and the second WLAN uses a WPA3-compatible authentication protocol. In response to an association request or a probe request associated with (or from) an electronic device, the access point may establish a connection with the electronic device using the first WLAN. Then, when a binding between a passphrase associated with the electronic device and the second WLAN does not exist, the access point may establish the binding in the computer system. Next, the access point may perform a BSS transition of the electronic device from the first WLAN to the second WLAN. Moreover, the access point may authenticate the electronic device without a time constraint.

Abstract: An application of a cloud-based controller forwards a message to a message broker of the cloud-based controller. The message is then transmitted to a network device of a wireless communications network over a persistent hypertext transfer protocol (“HTTP”) connection. Thereafter, an acknowledgment is received in response to transmitting the message at a gRPC proxy for the message broker.

Abstract: During operation, an access point may receive, from an electronic device, a roaming request, where the electronic device is currently associated with a second access point. In response, the access point may broadcast a message in a network, which includes the access point and the second access point. Note that the message may include an L2 look-up message. In some embodiments, the message is only conveyed to the second access point via a router or a switch in the network. Then, the access point may receive, from the second access point, PMK information, where the second access point is included in a subset in the network with the access point. Next, based at least in part on the PMK information, the access point may generate a PMK for use during secure communication with the electronic device and may perform a fast BSS transition with the electronic device.

Abstract: During operation, an access point may provide a first WLAN and a second WLAN, where the first WLAN uses a WPA2-compatible authentication protocol and the second WLAN uses a WPA3-compatible authentication protocol. In response to an association request or a probe request associated with (or from) an electronic device, the access point may establish a connection with the electronic device using the first WLAN. Then, the access point may confirm, with a computer system, that a binding between a passphrase associated with the electronic device and the second WLAN exists. Alternatively, when the binding does not exist, the access point may establish the binding in the computer system. Next, the access point may perform a BSS transition of the electronic device from the first WLAN to the second WLAN.

Abstract: An application of a cloud-based controller forwards a message to a message broker of the cloud-based controller. The message is then transmitted to a network device of a wireless communications network over a persistent hypertext transfer protocol (“HTTP”) connection. Thereafter, an acknowledgment is received in response to transmitting the message at a gRPC proxy for the message broker.

Abstract: A purge port assembly for a wafer container includes a purge module configured to allow inlet flow of purge gas and a transition portion disposed over an intermediate outlet of the purge module. The transition portion includes a receiver configured to receive the purge gas discharged from the purge module, an outlet connector configured to attach with a diffuser, and an intermediate conduit. The intermediate conduit connects the receiver to the outlet connector and extends from the receiver at an acute angle relative to an axis of the inlet opening of the receiver. The intermediate conduit has a length that spaces apart the outlet connector from the receiver. A wafer container includes a shell and a purge port assembly. The shell includes an interior space. The purge port assembly extends through an opening in the shell into the interior space.

Abstract: During operation, an electronic device receives a packet or a frame associated with a second electronic device, where the packet or the frame includes information specifying a factory reset command. For example, the second electronic device may be a dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) server or may perform functions of a DHCP server. Moreover, the packet or the frame may include an acknowledgment (ACK) in a discover, offer, request and acknowledgment (DORA) procedure, and the information may be included in an option 43 subfield or an option 52 subfield in the packet or the frame. In response to receiving the factory reset command, the electronic device performs a factory reset. Note that the factory reset may restore firmware in the electronic device to a factory-fresh version and a configuration of the electronic device to a factory-fresh state, may erase memory in the electronic device.

Abstract: A computer network device that performs key matching is described. While attempting to establish a secure connection with an electronic device, the computer network device may receive a connection-request message associated with the electronic device. In response, the computer network device may provide a context message addressed to a computer, where the context message requests stored passphrase information associated with the electronic device. Then, the computer network device may receive, associated with the computer, a context response. When the context response indicates that there is no stored passphrase information associated with the electronic device, the computer network device may perform the key matching to identify the passphrase associated with the electronic device. Next, the computer network device may provide, addressed to the computer, the identified passphrase associated with the electronic device or an encryption key corresponding to the identified passphrase for storage by the computer.

Abstract: An electronic device (such as an access point) may receive a packet (or a frame) from a second electronic device, where the packet includes an encrypted unique identifier of the second electronic device. For example, the encrypted unique identifier may be included in a manufacturer-specific information element in a management packet. Then, the electronic device may decrypt the encrypted unique identifier using an encryption key or a secure hash function to obtain the unique identifier. Next, the electronic device may determine whether the second electronic device is an instance of an authorized access point in the WLAN based at least in part on the unique identifier. Note that the second electronic device may be an instance of an authorized access point when the unique identifier is associated with a manufacturer of the electronic device and/or the second electronic device.

Abstract: During operation, an electronic device receives a packet or a frame associated with a second electronic device, where the packet or the frame includes information specifying a factory reset command. For example, the second electronic device may be a dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) server or may perform functions of a DHCP server. Moreover, the packet or the frame may include an acknowledgment (ACK) in a discover, offer, request and acknowledgment (DORA) procedure, and the information may be included in an option 43 subfield or an option 52 subfield in the packet or the frame. In response to receiving the factory reset command, the electronic device performs a factory reset. Note that the factory reset may restore firmware in the electronic device to a factory-fresh version and a configuration of the electronic device to a factory-fresh state, may erase memory in the electronic device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a radio interference indicator comprising a controller for processing an instruction and a radio signal receiver coupled to the controller to receive or detect a radio signal. An indicating element is coupled to the controller to indicate the level of the radio signal to allow the user knows the quality of the background the radio signal.

Abstract: A method for preparing a multi-level flash memory structure comprises the steps of forming a protrusion in a semiconductor substrate, forming a plurality of storage structures at the sides of the protrusion, forming a dielectric layer overlying the storage structures and the protrusion of the semiconductor substrate, forming a gate structure on the dielectric layer, and forming a plurality of diffusion regions at the sides of the protrusion. Each of the storage structures includes a charge-trapping site and an insulation structure isolating the charge-trapping site from the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A multi-level flash memory structure comprises a semiconductor substrate having a protrusion, a plurality of storage structures separated by the protrusion, a dielectric layer overlying the storage structures and the protrusion of the semiconductor substrate, a gate structure positioned on the dielectric layer, and several diffusion regions positioned at the sides of the protrusion. Each of the storage structures includes a charge-trapping site and an insulation structure isolating the charge-trapping site from the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A multi-level flash memory comprises a semiconductor substrate, a gate structure having a lower block positioned in the semiconductor substrate and an upper block positioned on the semiconductor substrate, and a plurality of storage structures separated by the gate structure. The upper block connects to the lower block of the gate structure, and each of the storage structures includes a charge-trapping site and an insulation structure surrounding the charge-trapping site.

Abstract: A method for preparing a multi-level flash memory comprising the steps of forming a recess in a semiconductor substrate, forming a plurality of storage structures at the sides of the recess, and forming a gate structure having a lower block in the recess and an upper block on the lower block. The storage structures are separated by the gate structure, and each of the storage structures includes a charge-trapping site and an insulation structure surrounding the charge-trapping site.

Abstract: A vacuuming sintering method for forming a carbon nanotube of a field display is disclosed. A cathode is attached to an anode, and the assembly of the cathode and anode is disposed on a heating element of a vacuum sintering furnace with cathode adjacent to the heating element. Each of the cathode and anode has at least one electrode lead connected to an external voltage source. The internal pressure of the vacuum sintering furnace is reduced, the heating element is activated, and a voltage is provided across the cathode and the anode, such that an electric field is generated between the cathode and the anode. The voltage is switched off after the electric field is formed and continuing heating for a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: In a method of uniforming the thickness of a rib, steps are forming a plurality of blocked layers by many times of printing and stack, processing a first pre-bake of each blocked layer printed, processing a second pre-bake of in the final blocked layer, flattening the final blocked layer by the uniform plate, and solidify the blocked layers by a sintering process in the final to form a rip (insulation structure), thereby the thickness of rip being uniform.

Abstract: A straddling and supporting structure for a field emission display device and a manufacturing method thereof is disclosed. The present invention provides a supporting structure that straddles across electrodes to provide a straddling structure for the conducting lines between the electrodes to shorten the conducting path, and can be used as a vacuum supporting structure between the cathode substrate and the anode substrate.