Abstract: A wolfram carbide based hard alloy includes a wolfram carbide base having a first binder. A plurality of hard particles with different sizes are dispersed in the wolfram carbide base, and hardness of the hard particles is larger than hardness of the wolfram carbide base.

Abstract: Techniques perform file storage. Such techniques involve determining a candidate allocation unit (AU) size for storing data based on a statistic of an AU size matching with a write request during a statistic period, and storing a new file using the determined candidate AU size to store the new file. Accordingly, storage space is saved and reading and writing performance are improved.

Abstract: A wolfram carbide based hard alloy includes a wolfram carbide base having a first binder. A plurality of hard particles with different sizes are dispersed in the wolfram carbide base, and hardness of the hard particles is larger than hardness of the wolfram carbide base.

Abstract: A user state querying method is provided. The method includes: saving an association between a user identity of a user in a first service system and a user identity of the user in a second service system, where the first service system and the second service system are different service systems; obtaining an activation state of the user in the first service system and the second service system; receiving a state query request from the first service system; and sending the activation state of the user in the second service system to the first service system according to the association and a user identity included in the state query request. By using the present invention, a query of a user state between different systems can be implemented.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for generating a service message, including: receiving a service message sent by a service provider SP device and content sent by a content provider CP device; generating a service message including corresponding content, according to a preset corresponding relation between the service and the content, or according to a preset corresponding relation between the SP and the CP, or according to both the corresponding relation between the service and the content and the corresponding relation between the SP and the CP; and sending the service message including the corresponding content to a user. Through the method according to the present invention, the generation efficiency and configuration flexibility of the service message may be improved.