Abstract: A package structure and a method of forming the same are provided. The package structure includes a first die, a second die, a first encapsulant, and a buffer layer. The first die and the second die are disposed side by side. The first encapsulant encapsulates the first die and the second die. The second die includes a die stack encapsulated by a second encapsulant encapsulating a die stack. The buffer layer is disposed between the first encapsulant and the second encapsulant and covers at least a sidewall of the second die and disposed between the first encapsulant and the second encapsulant. The buffer layer has a Young's modulus less than a Young's modulus of the first encapsulant and a Young's modulus of the second encapsulant.

Abstract: A die includes a substrate, a conductive pad, a connector and a protection layer. The conductive pad is disposed over the substrate. The connector is disposed on the conductive pad. The connector includes a seed layer and a conductive post. The protection layer laterally covers the connector. Topmost surfaces of the seed layer and the conductive post and a top surface of the protection layer are level with each other.

Abstract: A package structure and method of forming the same are provided. The package structure includes a polymer layer, a redistribution layer, a die, and an adhesion promoter layer. The redistribution layer is disposed over the polymer layer. The die is sandwiched between the polymer layer and the redistribution layer. The adhesion promoter layer, an oxide layer, a through via, and an encapsulant are sandwiched between the polymer layer and the redistribution layer. The encapsulant is laterally encapsulates the die. The through via extends through the encapsulant. The adhesion promoter layer and the oxide layer are laterally sandwiched between the through via and the encapsulant. A bottom portion of the encapsulant is longitudinally sandwiched between the adhesion promoter layer and the polymer layer.

Abstract: An evaluation system for determination of cardiovascular function parameters is provided. The evaluation system includes a data reading module, an image generating module, a contour determination module, an active contour module, a geometric center axis computing module, a view angle selection module and a function evaluation module. After reading cardiovascular graphic files with the data reading module, the image generating module displays 2D images or a 3D image constructed from the 2D images. Then, active contours are generated by the contour determination module and the active contour module, so as for the geometric center axis computing module to calculate geometric center axes. The view angle selection module then rotates the 3D image according to the view angle data received and modifies the 2D image files accordingly to generate plural cross-section images of the 3D image. Finally, the function evaluation module calculates evaluation parameters according to the geometric center axes.

Abstract: An evaluation system for determination of cardiovascular function parameters is provided. The evaluation system includes a data reading module, an image generating module, a contour determination module, an active contour module, a geometric center axis computing module, a view angle selection module and a function evaluation module. After reading cardiovascular graphic files with the data reading module, the image generating module displays 2D images or a 3D image constructed from the 2D images. Then, active contours are generated by the contour determination module and the active contour module, so as for the geometric center axis computing module to calculate geometric center axes. The view angle selection module then rotates the 3D image according to the view angle data received and modifies the 2D image files accordingly to generate plural cross-section images of the 3D image. Finally, the function evaluation module calculates evaluation parameters according to the geometric center axes.

Abstract: A method for detecting vascular sclerosis is revealed. Firstly set a cuff on a human hand. Then inflate the cuff and later deflate the cuff. Next measure a pressure of the cuff and generate a pressure sensing signal. Process the pressure sensing signal to generate a processed signal and convert the processed signal. Then calculate a systolic pressure and a diastolic pressure according to the converted processed signal and also obtain a vasodilation constant. Thus a hardening of blood vessels is detected according to the vasodilation constant.

Abstract: An evaluation system for determination of cardiovascular function parameters using ultrasound images is provided. The evaluation system includes a data reading module, a 2D image generating module, a contour determination module, an active contour module, a geometric center axis computing module, and a function evaluation module. After reading cardiovascular ultrasonographic files with the data reading module, the 2D image generating module displays 2D images. Then, active contours are generated by the contour determination module and the active contour module, so as for the geometric center axis computing module to calculate geometric center axes. Finally, the function evaluation module calculates evaluation parameters according to the geometric center axes. Thus, evaluation parameters can be derived from cardiovascular ultrasound images for clinical diagnosis in the evaluation of cardiovascular functions.

Abstract: A non-invasive cardiovascular image matching method is revealed. First, a scanning unit scans a heart/blood vessel to get an image of the heart/blood vessel and sends the image to a computer. Then the computer constructs a first 3D model of the heart/blood vessel according to the image of the heart/blood vessel. Next the computer simulates systole and diastole of the heart/blood vessel according to the first 3D model. Later a measured systolic/diastolic change is compared with the simulated systolic/diastolic change by the computer so as to learn systolic/diastolic changes between the heart/blood vessel at this stage and the heart/blood vessel in normal condition.

Abstract: A cuffless blood pressure monitor is revealed. The cuffless blood pressure monitor includes a pressure detection module, a signal processing module and a display module. The pressure detection module detects blood pressure to generate a blood pressure pulse signal. The signal processing module processes the blood pressure pulse signal to generate a measurement result that is displayed by the display module. The cuffless blood pressure monitor measures continuous blood pressure pulse signals, processes the blood pressure pulse signals by the signal processing module, and calculates the measurement result for real-time measurement of blood pressure. A measurement point on the user is pressed by a soft pressure-transferring medium so that the user won't feel uncomfortable. Moreover, the cuffless blood pressure monitor is compact and portable.

Abstract: A blood pressure monitor and a method for detecting vascular sclerosis thereof are revealed. The blood pressure monitor includes a cuff, an air pump, an air escape valve, a pressure sensor, a processing circuit, and an arithmetic circuit. The cuff is arranged at a body to be detected and the air pump inflates the cuff. The air escape valve is for releasing air from the cuff while the pressure sensor arranged at the cuff measures a cuff pressure to generate an analog pressure sensing signal. The processing circuit processes the pressure sensing analog signal and generates a digital pressure sensing signal. Then a systolic pressure and a diastolic pressure of the detected body are calculated according to the digital pressure sensing signal. The degree of blood vessel hardening is checked according to a systolic area of the calculated systolic pressure and a diastolic area of the calculated diastolic pressure.

Abstract: A blood pressure monitor and a method for calculating blood pressure thereof are revealed. The blood pressure monitor includes a cuff, an air pump, an air escape valve, a pressure sensor, a processing circuit, and an arithmetic circuit. The cuff is arranged a a body to be detected while and the air pump inflates the cuff and the air escape valve is for releasing air from the cuff. The pressure sensor is disposed on the cuff for detecting cuff pressure to generate analog pressures sensing signals. The processing circuit processes the analog pressure sensing signals and generates digital pressure sensing signals. A slope of each digital pressure sensing signal is calculated by the arithmetic circuit. A pressure value of the digital pressure sensing signal corresponding to a maximum slope is an average blood pressure. Then find a second derivative of each digital pressure sensing signal.

Abstract: A blood pressure monitor that detects vascular sclerosis is revealed. The blood pressure monitor includes a cuff, an air pump, an air escape valve, a pressure sensor, a processing circuit, a first conversion circuit, and an arithmetic circuit. The cuff is arranged at a user's hand and is pumped up and inflated by the air pump while the air escape valve is used to release air from the cuff. The pressure sensor is disposed on the cuff to detect a pressure of the cuff and generate a pressure sensing signal. The processing circuit processes the pressure sensing signal and generates a processed signal that is converted by the first conversion circuit, According to the converted processed signal, the arithmetic circuit calculates a systolic pressure, a diastolic pressure of a user and obtains a vasodilation constant so as to check vascular sclerosis of the user.

Abstract: A method for detecting vascular sclerosis is revealed. Firstly set a cuff on a human hand. Then inflate the cuff and later deflate the cuff. Next measure a pressure of the cuff and generate a pressure sensing signal. Process the pressure sensing signal to generate a processed signal and convert the processed signal. Then calculate a systolic pressure and a diastolic pressure according to the converted processed signal and also obtain a vasodilation constant. Thus a hardening of blood vessels is detected according to the vasodilation constant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a blood flow simulation system, which comprises a first container, a phantom, and a second container. The blood flow simulation system according to the present invention contains a fluid by the first container. Then the phantom is used for transporting the fluid. Afterwards, the second container is used for containing the fluid output by the phantom, and transporting the fluid to the first container by way of the phantom. Thereby, the blood-vessel characteristics, the blood-flow characteristics, and the human muscle characteristics can be simulated effectively and hence facilitating experimental convenience.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a measurement circuit for heart rate variability, which uses a measurement circuit for photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal to measure an ear and produces a first measured signal, a measurement circuit for electrocardiographic (ECG) signal to measure a second measured signal, an audio processing unit to produces a sound signal, a control and processing unit for controlling the audio processing unit to play the sound signal, for receiving the first measured signal to produce a corresponding first waveform diagram, and for receiving the second measured signal to produce a corresponding second waveform diagram. Thereby, nervousness and impatience of a person under test can be eliminated, and hence the real heart rate variability of the person under test can be measured.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a measurement apparatus for heart rate variability, which comprises an earpiece, a measurement module for photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal measuring an ear and producing a first physiological signal of a person under test, a measurement module for electrocardiographic (ECG) signal measuring a second physiological signal of the person under test, and a control and processing unit transmitting a sound signal to the earpiece. By playing the sound signal from the earpiece, the attention of the person under test can be detracted from the measurement module for PPG signal or the measurement module for ECG signal. Thereby, nervousness and impatience of the person under test can be eliminated, and hence the real heart rate variability of the person under test can be measured.

Abstract: A heart rate variability measurement method is revealed. The method includes the following steps. At first, play a piece of music for a participant. Then detect a change in vascular volume of the participant. Next depict a continuous waveform signal of the change in vascular volume. Thus while measuring the heart rate as well as heart rate variability, the participant is not easy to get nervous or impatient and the real heart rate as well as heart rate variability can be obtained, without being affected by the mood. Therefore, the accuracy of the heart rate variability during measurement is increased.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for measurement of heart rate variability, comprising a main body of a earphone to be inserted into a patient's ear, a light source disposed on one side of the main body, emitting light projected onto the skin of the patient's ear, and a sensor disposed on the same side of the main body with the light source, receiving a reflection light from the skin of the patient's ear, and accordingly generating and transmitting a sensing signal to an analyzer for measurement of the heart rate variability. Thus, the heart rate variability of the patient can be measured by operation of the light source and the sensor when the patient is listening to the music through the earphone. In this way, true heart rate variability, without being affected by the patient's nervousness or impatience, can be derived.

Abstract: A drowsiness detection system is disclosed. The way of detection is by an EEG detection circuit to detect brain waves of a human brain for getting an EEG signal. The EEG signal is sent to a micro-controller circuit to generate a control signal. In accordance with the control signal, a processing circuit processes the EEG signal so as to learn the drowsiness state of the user in time.

Abstract: A medical device with real-time physiological signal analysis function is disclosed. An ECG signal is generated by detection of detection circuit to the human heart while conversion circuit receives the ECG signal and converts it into an ECG data. The ECG data is sent to a process control unit for being processed to generate a HRV parameter. The ECG data and the HRV parameter are shown by a display unit for real-time analysis of changes of HRV in time domain and frequency domain. Thus doctors can make diagnosis according to these data. Moreover, The process control unit is coupled to the memory module so as to save the ECG data and the HRV parameter. Thus after long-term data collection of the ECG and HRV, doctors can make diagnosis by means of these data.