Abstract: A metalens and a metalens array having a bounded angular field of view are disclosed. The metalens includes a substrate and a two-dimensional (2D) grid over the substrate to divide the substrate into a 2D array of meta-units. Each meta-unit in the 2D array includes a nanostructure and a portion of the substrate that supports the nanostructure. Moreover, each meta-unit is configured with an angular-dependent transmission or reflection coefficient that decreases with an increasing incident angle of an illumination. Moreover, the metalens passes an incident light having an incident angle less than a cutoff angle and rejects an incident light having an incident angle greater than the cutoff angle. The metalens can be used a base unit for constructing a metalens array by tiling copies of the metalens into a 2D array of the metalens to achieve a significantly larger field-of-view.

Abstract: A method for measuring drop time of a control rod cluster integrated with a rod position measurement device is provided, wherein the method is used to measure the drop time of each control rod cluster, and includes: Si, monitoring a voltage Ua of coils in Group A to capture a rod cluster drop signal; S2, searching a point (tmax, Vmax) with a maximum drop speed or with a local maximum drop speed; S3, retroactively calculating, from tmax, an end of a time period T4 when the control rod cluster starts to drop; S4, retroactively searching, from a minimum value point of a drop reference signal DROPref, a start of the time period T4 when the drop reference signal DROPref drops from a maximum value to 33% thereof; and S5, determining, from tmax forward, a time point t6 when a drop speed of the control rod cluster is lower than 0.

Abstract: This disclosure provides transabdominal fetal oximetry (TFO) that uses frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) time-domain near-infrared spectroscopy to measure time-resolved reflectance values of light signals collected from a maternal-fetal multilayer tissue structure. In various embodiments, the disclosed FMCW time-domain near-infrared spectroscopy is configured to function as an optical interferometer that uses two frequency-swept laser sources of different center wavelengths ?1 and ?2 as probe lights to detect optical property in vascular tissues of the maternal-fetal multilayer tissue structure. The FMCW near-infrared spectroscopy is configured to collect light signals returned from the multilayer structure and generate a time-resolved reflectance curve based on the collected light signals.

Abstract: An exemplary device can be provided which can include, for example, a radiation source(s) configured to generate a first radiation(s), a spatial light modulator (SLM) arrangement(s) configured to receive the first radiation(s) and generate a second radiation(s) based on the first radiation(s), and a galvanometer(s) configured to receive the second radiation(s), generate a third radiation(s) based on the second radiation(s), and provide the third radiation(s) to a sample(s).

Abstract: An exemplary device can be provided which can include, for example, a radiation source(s) configured to generate a first radiation(s), a spatial light modulator (SLM) arrangement(s) configured to receive the first radiation(s) and generate a second radiation(s) based on the first radiation(s), and a galvanometer(s) configured to receive the second radiation(s), generate a third radiation(s) based on the second radiation(s), and provide the third radiation(s) to a sample(s).

Abstract: A method and a terminal device, where the method is applied to process data collected by a touch panel to reduce power consumption of the terminal. The touch panel communicates with an application processor using a micro control unit (MCU) through a dedicated channel. The method includes obtaining, by the MCU, touch data from the touch panel, pre-processing the touch data, and sending the pre-processed touch data to the application processor. The MCU pre-processes the touch data of the touch panel to filter ineffective touch data, and then sends effective touch data to the application processor. Therefore, the application processor is not wakened up by an ineffective touch event when the application processor enters a sleep state, thereby reducing load of the application processor, and reducing power consumption of a device.

Abstract: A vertical optical coupler which redirects light transmission in response to the interaction between a sub-wavelength high contrast grating (HCG) having a plurality of spaced apart segments of grating material which is optically coupled to a waveguide. For a selected set of material, grating geometry, gaps and spacing, the light directed at a normal incidence into the optical coupler is angularly displaced in traveling in the optical waveguide, while light directed along the optical waveguide is angularly displaced in being output at normal incidence from the optical coupler. The coupler is integrated into a number of device embodiments, including: a coupler between angularly displaced waveguides, lasers, light emitting diodes (LEDs) and solar cells.

Abstract: A dual usage HCG VCSEL detector is provided with a high contrast grating (HCG) reflector first reflector that has a two dimensional periodic structure. The two dimensional structure is a periodic structure that is a symmetric structure with periodic repeating. The symmetrical structure provides that polarization modes of light are undistinguishable. A second reflector is in an opposing relationship to the first reflector. A tunable optical cavity is between the first and second reflectors. An active region is positioned in the cavity between the first and second reflectors. The photodetector is polarization independent. An MQW light absorber is included converts light to electrons. A dual usage HCG VCSEL-detector includes a high contrast grating (HCG) reflector first reflector, and a second reflector in an opposing relationship to the first reflector. A tunable optical cavity is between the first and second reflectors. An active region is positioned in the cavity between the first and second reflectors.

Abstract: A photodetector is provided with a high contrast grating (HCG) reflector first reflector that has a two dimensional periodic structure. The two dimensional structure is a periodic structure that is a symmetric structure with periodic repeating. The symmetrical structure provides that polarization modes of light are undistinguishable. A second reflector is in an opposing relationship to the first reflector. A tunable optical cavity is between the first and second reflectors. An active region is positioned in the cavity between the first and second reflectors. The photodetector is polarization independent. An MQW light absorber is included converts light to electrons.

Abstract: A saturable absorber (SA) based on a high-contrast grating (HCG) having a buried layer of quantum structures for absorption, and which is particularly well suited for use in a mode-locked application. The HCG-SA provides three times the bandwidth compared with traditional DBR structures, while exhibiting a lower saturation fluence due to the field enhancement inside the grating. Varying grating bar width over one or two axis provides lensing effects on the optical output, while chirping of the period and duty cycle changes optical phase relationships. Novel VCSEL embodiments with external or internal cavities are described using the HCG-SA.

Abstract: Adjustable chirp is achieved in injection-locked, 10-Gb/s directly modulated, multimode 1.55-?m VCSELs for the first time, leading to 90× increase in standard single-mode fiber transmission distance to 90 km.