Abstract: Disclosed are methods of removing and/or reducing compounds from oils (e.g., marine oils) and oils prepared by the disclosed methods. Methods of bleaching oils are also disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosed matter relates to immobilized enzymes and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: A method of producing a probe device for a metrology instrument such as an AFM includes providing a substrate and forming a tip stock extending upwardly from the substrate. The tip stock is preferably FIB milled to form a tip of the probe device. The tip preferably has a high aspect ratio, with a height that is at least about 1 micron for performing critical dimension (e.g., deep trench) atomic force microscopy. The stock is preferably pedestal shaped having a distal end that is substantially planar which can be machined into a tip in at least less than about 2 minutes. With the preferred embodiments, the FIB milling step can be completed in substantially fewer and less complicated steps than known techniques to produce a high aspect ratio tip suitable for DT-AFM in less than about one minute.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of removing and/or reducing compounds from oils (e.g., marine oils) and oils prepared by the disclosed methods. Methods of bleaching oils are also disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosed matter relates to immobilized enzymes and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for improving the substrate-to-substrate uniformity of silicon-containing films deposited by vapor deposition of precursors vaporized from a liquid source on substrates in a chamber are provided. The methods include exposing a chamber to a processing step at a predetermined time that is after one substrate is processed in the chamber and is before the next substrate is processed in the chamber. In one aspect, the processing step includes introducing a flow of a silicon-containing precursor into the chamber for a period of time. In another aspect, the processing step includes exposing the chamber to a gas in the presence or absence of a plasma for a period of time.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to an inductively coupled plasma apparatus. When depositing utilizing a plasma generated from a showerhead, the plasma may not be evenly distributed to the edge of the substrate. By inductively coupling plasma to the chamber in an area corresponding to the chamber walls, the plasma distribution within the chamber may be evenly distributed and deposition upon the substrate may be substantially even. By vaporizing the processing gas prior to entry into the processing chamber, the plasma may also be even and thus contribute to an even deposition on the substrate.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for providing a real time ringback tone in a communication network and the method includes: establishing a call connection between a calling party and a called party according to a received calling request; receiving a ringback tone indication value from the called party; obtaining a corresponding ringback tone according to the ringback tone indication value; and playing the corresponding ringback tone to the calling party. The invention further provides a system for providing a real time ringback tone in a communication network and a terminal therefor. By using the technology of the invention, a different ringback tone can be played to the calling user in real time according to the current situation. Therefore, individualized requirements of the user may be met and the quality of communication service may be further improved.

Abstract: A Gateway Home Location Register (GHLR) includes a signaling transceiving module, a security rule configuration module, and a routing information security analysis module. A method of exchanging roaming subscriber routing information includes the following steps: the GHLR in the home network receives an information request and determines the request according to the security rules in GHLR; if the request is according to the security rules in GHLR, GHLR sends called information to the network element capable of fetching subscriber routing information in the visited network. Through introducing a roaming subscriber information security control method and a device GHLR, this invention can solve the problem of exchanging roaming subscriber information between networks, support the visited network to provide service for the roaming subscribers in it, and protect security of the home operator and subscriber information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a routing information optimization and control technology in mobile communication. A Gateway Home Location Register (GHLR), comprising a signaling transceiving module, a security rule configuration module, and a routing information security analysis module. A method of exchanging roaming subscriber routing information, comprising: the GHLR in the home network receiving a information request and determining the request according to the security rules in GHLR; if the request is accordant to the security rules in GHLR, GHLR sending called information to the network element capable of fetching subscriber routing information in the visited network.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for directly forming periodic structures on a substrate by laser irradiation comprises directing a linearly polarized laser beam onto a first location of the substrate; irradiating the substrate for a sustained duration using the linearly polarized laser beam for melting the substrate at the first location to induce a surface wave thereon; the melted substrate having a plurality of ridges corresponding to the wavelengths of the surface wave. The linearly polarized laser beam scans the substrate along a first path to propagate the surface wave on the substrate; and thereafter, substrate is cooled down following scanning of the linearly polarized laser for solidifying the plurality of ridges to form a first group of periodic structure on the substrate. Periodic structures formed according to the invention may be optical gratings such as diffraction or reflective gratings.

Abstract: In a flat panel display, a laser spacer array is created on the transparent substrate 10′ to maintain the two substrates at a pre-determined spacing in the finished panel. The spacers 20 are distributed between the two substrates, which are sealed using sealant 18 resulting in a cell gap with pre-determined spacing distance.